Diffuse emission of carbon dioxide from Cerro Negro Volcano, Nicaragua, Central America

Salazar, J.; Hernández, Pedro A.; Pérez, Nemesio M.; Melián, Gladys V.; Álvarez, Julio; Segura, Fabio; Notsu, Kenji

doi:10.1029/2001gl013709

Cited by 74 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Estudios recientes sobre la emisión difusa de CO 2 han probado la utilidad de sus resultados para contribuir al conocimiento de los sistemas volcánicos (p.ej. : Allard et al, 1991;Chiodini et al, 1996;Hernández et al, 2001;Rogie et al, 2001;Salazar et al, 2001). Cambios significativos en la tasa de emisión de CO 2 a la atmósfera en forma difusa se han relacionado con la actividad volcánica Cartagena et al, 2002;Galindo et al, 2002) y sísmica de sistemas volcánicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Emisión difusa de dióxido de carbono en el Volcán Irazú, Costa Rica

Galindo

Melián

Salazar

et al. 2011

Rev. Geol. Amér. Central

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The first study of diffuse CO 2 degassing was performed at Irazú volcano in 2001, with the goal to evaluate the origin and spatial distribution of CO 2 efflux as well as the total output of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Most of the study area showed background values of CO 2 efflux, < 20 g m -2 d -1 . The highest value was 316 g m -2 d -1 , which is relatively lower than the observed highest values for other volcanic systems within the same volcano-tectonic framework. The relatively high CO 2 efflux values were located in the NE sector of the main crater and in the northern side of Diego de la Haya crater. Carbon isotopic signatures showed a wide range of δ 13 C-CO 2 values from -65.3 to -19.8 ‰ suggesting a strong biogenic component. The estimated total output of diffuse CO 2 degassing to the atmosphere from the study area was 44 t d -1 . The studied fumarolic gases showed that the 3 He/ 4 He ratio had a characteristic value for volcanoes related with subduction areas (6.6 R A ), and that 90% of the CO 2 emitted comes from calcareous sediments incorporated during the subduction process.Keywords: Irazú volcano, CO 2 , diffuse degassing, calcareous sediments, subduction, isotopes, fumaroles. RESUMEN:El primer estudio sobre desgasificación difusa de CO 2 en el volcán Irazú se realizó en el 2001, con el objetivo de evaluar el origen y la distribución espacial del flujo difuso de CO 2 así como la tasa de emisión de CO 2 a la atmósfera. La mayor parte del área de estudio presentó valores de fondo para el flujo difuso de CO 2 < 20 g m -2 d -1 . El mayor valor medido fue de 316 g m -2 d -1 , que es relativamente inferior a los mayores valores medidos en otros sistemas volcánicos asentados en el mismo ambiente volcano-tectónico. Los mayores valores de flujo difuso de CO 2 se detectaron en el borde NE del cráter Principal y al N del cráter Diego de La Haya. La firma isotópica del carbono en el CO 2 de la atmósfera del suelo presentó un amplio rango de valores δ 13 C-CO 2 , entre -65,3 y -19,8 ‰, que sugiere una importante contribución biogénica. La tasa de emisión difusa de CO 2 para el área de estudio en el Irazú se estimó en 44 t d -1 . El estudio de los gases fumarólicos mostró una relación 3 He/ 4 He característica de volcanes relacionados con zonas de subducción (6,6 R A ), y que el 90% del CO 2 emitido procede de la incorporación de sedimentos calcáreos en el proceso de subducción.Palabras clave: Volcán Irazú, CO 2 , emisión difusa, sedimentos calcáreos, subducción, isótopos, fumarolas.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Emisión difusa de dióxido de carbono en el Volcán Irazú, Costa Rica

Galindo

Melián

Salazar

et al. 2011

Rev. Geol. Amér. Central

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“…In our case, Turrialba volcano has experienced a reawakening process which has lasted ∼20 years (Martini et al, 2010;de Moor et al, 2016a) and Poás' activity is particularly variable (Fischer et al, 2015;de Moor et al, 2016b) and seems to have stages of enhanced volcanic activity and stages of quiescence that alternate every 6-12 years (Rymer et al, 2000(Rymer et al, , 2005(Rymer et al, , 2009. Diffuse degassing monitoring could thus be an interesting tool for long term monitoring (Allard et al, 1991;Chiodini et al, 1996Chiodini et al, , 1998Chiodini et al, , 2001Giammanco et al, 1998;Hernández et al, 1998Hernández et al, , 2001Melián et al, 2001Melián et al, , 2010Salazar et al, 2001;Shimoike et al, 2002;Hernández Perez et al, 2003;Carapezza and Granieri, 2004;Galindo et al, 2004;Lewicki et al, 2005;Notsu et al, 2006;Werner and Cardellini, 2006;Carapezza et al, 2009;Viveiros et al, 2010;Peltier et al, 2012;Werner et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other investigations at Teide volcano (Tenerife), which is in a quiescent stage, have shown a diffuse CO 2 output of 308 t/d, mostly of magmatic origin (Hernández et al, 1998). Salazar et al (2001) measured a total output of 2,800 t/d at Cerro Negro (Nicaragua) which was in an active stage. Research at Satsuma Iwojima (Japan), which has relatively strong active degassing (300 t/d of SO 2 and 100 t/d of CO 2 ), has shown emissions of "only" 20 t/d of diffuse CO 2 (Shimoike et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica

et al. 2017

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Active volcanoes exhibit diffuse gas emanations through the ground, the most abundant species of which is CO 2 . However, the relationship between diffuse degassing and volcanic activity is not often clear and some volcanoes may have low diffuse degassing levels despite having strong volcanic activity. The main goals of this study are to quantify diffuse CO 2 degassing and determine whether patterns exist in relation to volcanic activity through the study of Turrialba, Poás, and Irazú, three active volcanoes in Costa Rica which are at different stages of activity. Structural controls of spatial distribution of diffuse degassing were also investigated. Measurement campaigns were conducted using the accumulation chamber method coupled with 10 cm depth ground temperature sampling with the aim of estimating the total diffuse CO 2 degassing budget. The total amount of CO 2 emitted diffusely by each volcano is ∼113 ± 46 t/d over ∼0.705 km 2 for Turrialba, 0.9 ± 0.5 t/d for Poás over ∼0.734 km 2 , 3.8 ± 0.9 t/d over ∼0.049 km 2 for Irazú's main crater, and 15 ± 12 t/d over 0.0059 km 2 for Irazú's north flank. Turrialba and Poás volcano diffuse degassing budget represent about 10% of the whole gas output. Both volcanoes were in a transitional stage and the opening of new conduits may cause a loss in diffuse degassing and an increase of active degassing. Numerous diffuse degassing structures were also identified. At Turrialba, one of which was closely associated with the collapse of a crater wall in 2014 during the initiation of a new period of heightened eruptive activity. Similar structures were also observed on the outer slopes of the west crater, suggesting strong alteration and perhaps destabilization of the upper outer cone. Irazú's north flank is highly permeable and has experienced intense hydrothermal alteration.

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“…Several authors have demonstrated that continuous monitoring of CO 2 efflux provides important information for volcanic surveillance and seismotectonic monitoring Carapezza et al, 2004;Pérez et al, 2006). Other studies have shown that diffuse CO 2 emissions from active volcanoes are of the same order of magnitude as the CO 2 released by visible emanations (plumes, fumaroles, etc), pointing out the importance of estimating the total diffuse CO 2 output from volcanic areas (Baubron et al, 1990;Allard et al, 1991;Hernández et al, 1998Hernández et al, , 2001aSalazar et al, 2001). Since the rate of diffuse CO 2 emission can increase greatly before the occurrence of a volcanic eruption (Hernández et al, 2001a;Carapezza et al, 2004), it is very important to map surface CO 2 efflux anomalies and to estimate the total output of this gas regularly in order to have a better understanding of on-going volcanic processes (Salazar et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide emission from Katanuma volcanic lake, Japan

et al. 2011

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We report herein the first results of a CO 2 efflux survey carried out at Katanuma volcanic lake, Japan. A total of 110 CO 2 efflux measurements were undertaken at the lake by means of the floating accumulation chamber method during August 2010 to estimate the total CO 2 output from the studied area. Two different mechanisms of degassing were observed during the survey; (1) diffusion through the water-air interface and (2) bubbling. CO 2 efflux values ranged from 0.5 up to 322 g m −2 d −1 . In addition, the probability graph was used to distinguish the existence of different geochemical populations in the measured values. Sequential Gaussian Simulation was used to construct a map of CO 2 efflux from 200 simulations and to compute the total CO 2 diffuse emission at the studied area, i.e., 17 ± 0.6 t d −1 .

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Diffuse emission of carbon dioxide from Cerro Negro Volcano, Nicaragua, Central America

Cited by 74 publications

References 16 publications

Emisión difusa de dióxido de carbono en el Volcán Irazú, Costa Rica

Emisión difusa de dióxido de carbono en el Volcán Irazú, Costa Rica

Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica

Carbon dioxide emission from Katanuma volcanic lake, Japan

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