Diffusion of calcium hydroxide through dentinal tubules of retreated root canals: An in vitro study

Abstract

Objective:Studies about the dispersion of hydroxyl ions through dentin of endodontically retreated teeth are scarce. The present study aims at examining the diffusion of calcium hydroxide in vitro by recording the pH changes of retreated root canal using two types of calcium hydroxide preparations.Materials and Methods:A total of 45 recently extracted single-rooted mandibular first premolars were collected and cleaned from calculus and remains of periodontal tissue. The teeth so collected were stored in thymol 10% solution till use. During collection, teeth with cracks, open apices, and restorations were excluded. Root canal preparations were performed using Protaper rotary system files, till #F3 file. All canals were obturated using cold lateral condensation and zinc oxide-based sealer. After 7 days, all gutta-percha were removed and the canals were irrigated with normal saline. The teeth were then randomly distributed into three groups. Canals in Group I were kept empty without any dressing to serve as a negative control group, Canals in Group II were filled with a freshly prepared mixture of calcium hydroxide powder with normal saline solution, and Group III was filled with Metapex. Periodically, the calcium hydroxide material was removed and the pH was measured using pH meter at 7, 10, 14, and 30 days.Results:The pH values of Group II and III ranged between 9.2 and 11.2. This was found to be highly significant against the negative control group. After 7 and 10 days, freshly mixed Ca(OH)2 showed the higher pH than the creamy Metapex, and statistically the difference was highly significant after 10 days (P<0.001). After 14 days, Metapex group pH was higher than freshly mixed Ca(OH)2, but it was not statistically significant as they reached nearly the same pH after 30 days (P>0.05).Conclusion:All Ca(OH)2 preparations had high pH around the roots after 7 and 10 days. Metapex continued to have higher pH after 14 days.

Comparative Evaluation of Diffusion of Four Different Commercially Available Calcium Hydroxide Through Dentinal Tubules of Retreated Root Canal: An in Vitro Study

“…hence the number of appointments is reduced . According to the results obtained in our study RC Cal showed the Highest pH on the 7 th day (12.6) on 10 th day (10.15), 14 th day (9.8) and on 30 th day .Our results was in favour of the study conducted by punit et al who found that release of Hydroxyl ion was more for RC Cal in comparison to that of Calcium Hydroxide with Saline this is mainly attributed as there is sudden rise in the pH after 24 th hour on the other hand for RC Cal there is gradual increase in the pH with decrease in pH after 15 days to 30 th days 15 Metapex and Vitapex both are oil based formulation.They are formed from Calcium Hydroxide with Idoform with silicon oil. These type of oil based vehicles are said to be non water soluble hence promoting low solubility and diffusion within the tissue , such type of formulations may remain in the root canal for a longer time .Various oils are used for the formation of such types of vehicles they include Olive oil, Silicon oil, Camphor, Metayacresylacetate and some fatty acid such as Oleic ,Linoleic and Isostoaric acid.…”

Effect of Antioxidant and Buffering Agent Mixture on Dentin Shear Bond Strengths of Laminate Veneer and pH Change of External Medium After Intracoronal Bleaching

“…25 Therefore, the use of H 2 O 2 as an intracoronal bleaching agent decreased extraradicular pH all groups. This study suggests that was a pH change of the external medium, in agreement with the results of Rokaya et al, 25 de Sá et al, 26 and Lou et al 27 Cai et al 28 and Mustafa et al 29 found that the pH of the dentin increases after placing calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 in the root canal. de Sá al.…”

“…Cai et al 28 and Mustafa et al 29 found that the pH of the dentin increases after placing calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 in the root canal. de Sá al.…”

Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to mechanical instrumentation in reducing counts of Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans from C‐shaped root canals

“…Hand files and rotary instruments accompanied by intermittent irrigation with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and calcium hydroxide dressing is the traditional protocol used for the treatment of teeth with irreversible pulpitis and/or peri‐apical lesions 1‐4 . A precise classification that addressed root and canal anatomy together with root morphology was therefore warranted.…”