Diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical spinal cord in healthy adult population: normative values and measurement reproducibility at 3T MRI

Brander, Antti; Koskinen, Eerika; Luoto, Teemu M.; Hakulinen, Ullamari; Helminen, Mika; Savilahti, S; Ryymin, Pertti; Dastidar, Prasun; Öhman, Juha

doi:10.1177/0284185113499752

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…5,8 It has also been reported that in adult cervical SC DTI, there is good intra-and interobserver variability. 16 In our current study, we have shown that within the cervical and thoracic SC, DTI values showed moderate-to-strong repeatability. These findings add to the existing evidence that DTI values for the normal SC are repeatable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The coefficient of variation showed that the variability of the DTI parameters was very good for both age groups and similar to other reports of DTI measurement variability. 16 Overall, FA showed the least variability (6 -11 years, 16.66%; 12-16 years, 17.24%). Table 3 shows the intraclass correlation coefficient and 95% CIs for test-retest repeatability of DTI values for the cervical and thoracic SC.…”

Section: Coefficient Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Normal Cervical and Thoracic Pediatric Spinal Cord

Saksena¹,

Middleton

Krisa

et al. 2016

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DTI data of the normal healthy spinal cord in children are limited compared with adults and are typically focused on the cervical spinal cord. The purpose of this study was the following: to investigate the feasibility of obtaining repeatable DTI parameters along the entire cervical and thoracic spinal cord as a function of age in typically developing pediatric subjects; to analyze the DTI parameters among different transverse levels of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord; and to examine the sex differences in DTI parameters along the cervical and thoracic spinal cord.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Coefficient Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Normal Cervical and Thoracic Pediatric Spinal Cord

Saksena¹,

Middleton

Krisa

et al. 2016

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…[12][13][14][17][18][19] We observed interimager variability in the ADC values of gray and white matter and a wide range of ADC values of gray matter that was probably attributable to tissue-specific characteristics. One histological difference between gray and white matter is capillary perfusion, as suggested by the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) theory.…”

Section: ¹6mentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Although these data are compatible with our results, other studies concluded that the ADC values at 1.5T and 3T are almost identical. 14,17 Interimager variability must be considered on an imager-by-imager basis.…”

Section: ¹6mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interimager Variability in ADC Measurement of the Human Brain

Tsujita

Kai

Fujita

et al. 2014

MRMS

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Purpose: Routine clinical practice involves the application of diverse scanning parameters that can affect apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. We evaluated interimager variability in ADC values with respect to their potential effect in clinical applications.Methods: In 7 healthy volunteers, we obtained diffusion-weighted (DW) images using routine clinical parameters and 1.5-(n = 9) and 3-tesla (n = 3) magnetic resonance (MR) imagers from 5 different vendors, performing 84 MR imaging studies. To evaluate the differences in ADC values among the imagers, vendors, and magnetic field strengths, we measured the mean pixel values of the frontal white matter and thalamus (gray matter) in both cerebral hemispheres of the 7 volunteers and used repeated-measures analysis of variance for multiple comparisons.Results: The laterality of ADC values in the bilateral structures ranged from one to 3% for the 12 imagers. Although the relative difference in ADC values of white matter was 7% for scanners yielding the highest and lowest mean ADC values (P < 0.01), it was within 2 to 4% for instruments from the same vendors. For gray matter, the interimager difference was 4 to 12%, even among the same vendors (P < 0.05). Among the 3T imagers, the difference for white and gray matter was approximately 3%.Conclusions: There were significant interimager differences in ADC values, especially with respect to gray matter. Taking into consideration the existing laterality, however, the differences among our 3T imagers may be acceptable despite the use of diverse scanning parameters. In routine clinical practice, the existing variability must be considered imager by imager.

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Tract-specific and age-related variations of the spinal cord microstructure: a multi-parametric MRI study using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT)

et al. 2016

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Being able to finely characterize the spinal cord (SC) microstructure and its alterations is a key point when investigating neural damage mechanisms encountered in different central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or myelopathy. Based on novel methods, including inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT) and dedicated SC probabilistic atlas post-processing, the present study focuses on the in vivo characterization of the healthy SC tissue in terms of regional microstructure differences between (i) upper and lower cervical vertebral levels and (ii) sensory and motor tracts, as well as differences attributed to normal aging. Forty-eight healthy volunteers aged from 20 to 70 years old were included in the study and scanned at 3 T using axial high-resolution T2 *-w imaging, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and ihMT, at two vertebral levels (C2 and C5). A processing pipeline with minimal user intervention, SC segmentation and spatial normalization into a reference space was implemented in order to assess quantitative morphological and structural parameters (cross-sectional areas, scalar DTI and MT/ihMT metrics) in specific white and gray matter regions of interest. The multi-parametric MRI metrics collected allowed upper and lower cervical levels to be distinguished, with higher ihMT ratio (ihMTR), higher axial diffusivity (λ∥ ) and lower radial diffusivity (λ⊥ ) at C2 compared with C5. Significant differences were also observed between white matter fascicles, with higher ihMTR and lower λ∥ in motor tracts compared with posterior sensory tracts. Finally, aging was found to be associated with significant metric alterations (decreased ihMTR and λ∥ ). The methodology proposed here, which can be easily transferred to the clinic, provides new insights for SC characterization. It bears great potential to study focal and diffuse SC damage in neurodegenerative and demyelinating diseases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical spinal cord in healthy adult population: normative values and measurement reproducibility at 3T MRI

Abstract: Both ROI- and FT-based measurements are applicable methods yielding reproducible results for cervical spinal cord DTI metrics. Normative values for both measurement methods are presented.

Cited by 26 publications

References 30 publications

Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Normal Cervical and Thoracic Pediatric Spinal Cord

Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Normal Cervical and Thoracic Pediatric Spinal Cord

Interimager Variability in ADC Measurement of the Human Brain

Tract-specific and age-related variations of the spinal cord microstructure: a multi-parametric MRI study using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT)

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