Digit ratios and relation to myocardial infarction in Greek men and women

Kyriakidis, Ioannis; Papaioannidou, Paraskevi; Pantelidou, Varvara; Kalles, Vasileios; Gemitzis, Konstantinos D.

doi:10.1016/j.genm.2010.11.008

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This is consistent with the findings of Manning and Ozdogmus 20,23 in which a low 2D:4D men tended to have their first MI's later in life than men with high 2D:4D ratios and a higher 2D:4D ratio was significantly related to the incidence of fatty streaks and atherosclerosis calcification of the right coronary artery. Also in accord with Fink and Kyriakidis 21,22 who found a correlation between 2D:4D and neck circumference or MI in men but not in women, we showed that the same correlation between 2D:4D and CAD existed only in men. The ROCs analysis showed that area under the curve of 2D:4D was 0.72 in right hand and 0.60 in left hand in male.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A study including 50 men and 50 women in Greece reported that in men with MI, 2D:4D ratios were significantly higher than the respective ratios in healthy men, but no significant differences were observed in the ratios between women with MI and healthy women. It was proposed that 2D:4D may be a useful biomarker for predisposition to MI in Greek men, but not in Greek women 22. Consequently, Ozdogmus et al 23 reported a study of 100 heterosexual male autopsies whose mean age was 21.4 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous CAD related studies, relatively young male patients were included 20,23, only patients with myocardial infarction were selected 20,22, and surrogate risk factors for CAD were used 21. Mean 2D:4D differs across ethnic groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and Coronary Artery Disease in a Han Chinese Population

Wu¹,

Yang²,

Chai³

et al. 2013

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Background: The association between index finger to ring finger length ratio (2D:4D) and cardiac disorders has been reported, however it has not been discussed in terms of coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated whether 2D:4D could be used as a marker for predisposition to CAD as assessed by coronary angiography in Chinese men and women.Methods: This study included 1764 persons divided into 4 groups, 441 cases with CAD and 441 persons without CAD as control in each sex of the same age. Finger lengths were measured twice for both hands using electronic calipers. Student t test was used to detect the difference of 2D:4D among groups. The receiver operator characteristic curves (ROCs) were used to detect the diagnostic effect of 2D:4D for CAD.Results: There were no significant differences in age among the four groups. A significant difference of 2D:4D ratios between right and left hand were observed only in men in both control and CAD groups. On the right hand in the control group and on both hands in the CAD group, the 2D:4D ratios were higher in women than in men (all, P < 0.001). In men with CAD, mean 2D:4D was higher than mean 2D:4D in control men (right hand 0.962±0.042:0.927±0.038; left hand 0.950±0.044:0.934±0.048; both hands, P < 0.001), but this was not observed in women. No relationship was found between 2D:4D and age (all, P >0.05). The area under the curve of right hand 2D:4D in male was 0.72 (95% CI 0.683-0.753, p<0.001), while it was 0.602 (95% CI 0.565-0.639, p<0.001) in left hand.Conclusions: The present study showed an association between high 2D:4D ratio and CAD in both hands in men. There were no significant differences in mean 2D:4D between women with CAD and controls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and Coronary Artery Disease in a Han Chinese Population

Wu¹,

Yang²,

Chai³

et al. 2013

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…Some studies have already investigated the links between 2D:4D ratio and the etiology of sex-dependent behaviours with respect to immune system disorders, cardiovascular diseases like myocardial infarction [3], some cancers [4], and a number of adult-onset diseases prevalent among men such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [5]. Therefore, the 2D:4D ratio is a potential predictor of not only fertility, but also sex-dependent disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Digit Ratio and Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japanese Women

Yamamoto¹

2015

J Vasc Med Surg

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Aim: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is the key vasoactive mediator in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and sex steroids are known to influence ET-1 levels. Additionally, the second to fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio is a biometric marker influenced by testosterone concentrations and androgen receptor sensitivity in the uterus, and some reports have linked (2D:4D) ratio to disease predisposition among patients with gender-dependent conditions. Since idiopathic PAH (IPAH) is more prevalent in women, we hypothesized that the 2D:4D ratio could predict a female's predisposition to developing PAH, reflecting an interaction between ET-1 and sex hormones.Method: This study analyzed 13 female patients with IPAH at Keio University Hospital and 41 unrelated agematched controls. The right hand of patients and controls was photographed using a digital camera and two experienced scorers measured finger lengths and 2D:4D ratios. Key findings:The IPAH and control groups had a mean age of 43.2 ± 3.5 and 40.9 ± 1.7 years, respectively. The 2D:4D digit ratio was significantly higher for patients with IPAH than for the control women; 0.975 ± 0.041 vs. 0.940 ± 0.038, P<0.05. The age at onset of PAH did not correlate with the ratio.Significance: Female patients with IPAH in this study had a higher 2D:4D digit ratio than age-matched healthy controls, suggesting lower prenatal circulating testosterone levels. In conclusion, the 2D:4D digit ratio is a useful biomarker for IPAH, and prenatal testosterone level could be an important factor for the protection against developing IPAH.

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“…뿐만 아니라 2D:4D는 인종, 민족에 따 라서도 다르며 [6], 성역할 정체감 [5,7], 공격성 [4,8], big 5 성격특성(개방성, 성실성, 외향성, 친화성, 정서안정 성) [9], 우울 성향 [10] 등 개인의 성격을 반영하고, 운동능 력 [11,12], 생식능력 [13] 및 유방암 [14]과 심근경색증 [15] 같은 성인병의 유병률을 예측하는 인자로 보고되었다. 그 러나 한국인을 대상으로 한 연구는 극히 미미한 실정이다.…”

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Digit ratio(2D:4D) and gender role orientation in health and medical students

Kim¹,

Cho

2012

Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society

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Digit ratios and relation to myocardial infarction in Greek men and women

Cited by 42 publications

References 30 publications

The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and Coronary Artery Disease in a Han Chinese Population

The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and Coronary Artery Disease in a Han Chinese Population

Relationship between Digit Ratio and Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japanese Women

Digit ratio(2D:4D) and gender role orientation in health and medical students

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