Digital Transformation of Management Processes: A Comprehensive Review of Key Factors

Abstract

The process of digitalization has become an increasingly prominent concern in contemporary times. Despite the considerable investments made by national governments and international organizations, there remains a limited understanding of the success rate of digitalization initiatives, with only a third of such processes demonstrating notable achievements. The purpose of this study is to identify the main factors influencing the digitalization of managerial processes and the effects they have in the different stages of adoption, implementation, development, and post-implementation of organizational digitization strategies. We classified these factors into distinct categories to find barriers, determinants, challenges, decision-making, influence, risk, and critical success factors. The research analyzed 2590 papers extracted from the Web of Science database. Our methodological approach integrates bibliometric analysis with systematic literature review, following a rigorous 17-step process outlined in the Prisma P methodology 2020. Upon conducting our study, we identified 175 factors influencing digitalization decisions and their outcomes. We structured them by combining the PESTLE analysis, which evaluates external factors, such as politics, economics, socials, technological, legal, and environmental, with analysis of organizational factors, internal, by organizational structure, organizational culture, human resources, internal processes, business strategies, and management skills. The approach of the analysis and interpretation of the results gives the paper originality. The information provided through this research is helpful to practitioners in developing digitalization strategies and researchers as a basis for future studies.