Digital Twin Platforms: Requirements, Capabilities, and Future Prospects

Lehner, Daniel; Pfeiffer, Jérôme; Tinsel, Erik-Felix; Strljic, Matthias Milan; Sint, Sabine; Vierhauser, Michael; Wortmann, Andreas; Wimmer, Manuel

doi:10.1109/ms.2021.3133795

Cited by 64 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They were categorized in six different groups, namely: Structured data DT framework: This category is represented by frameworks that provide a common data structure to model DTs and the infrastructure to manage them along with structured interfaces. It is inspired from IoT‐based frameworks providing bi‐directional communication, like the so‐called DT platforms 46 . From the theoretical definition of DT, this category focuses on fulfilling the bi‐directional communication criterion, and it has strengths in terms of data modeling, synchronization between DT and PT, and security in the channels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is inspired from IoT-based frameworks providing bi-directional communication, like the so-called DT platforms. 46 From the theoretical definition of DT, this category focuses on fulfilling the bi-directional communication criterion, and it has strengths in terms of data modeling, synchronization between DT and PT, and security in the channels. On the downside, it does not focus sufficiently on simulation models, data analysis, and having the DT to fulfill a particular business goal.…”

Section: Categorization Of Dt Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lehner et al 46 analyze three different DT platforms, namely, Microsoft Azure Digital Twins, Amazon Web Services IoT Greengrass, and Eclipse Hono + Vorto + Ditto. This survey analyzes the platforms in 10 different dimensions each one with a requirement.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survey on open‐source digital twin frameworks–A case study approach

Gil,

Mikkelsen,

Gomes

et al. 2024

Softw Pract Exp

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Digital twin (DT) technology has been a topic with academic and industrial coverage in recent years. DTs are intended to be a virtual high‐fidelity representation of a physical counterpart. Its complex nature requires several components to create and run a DT, and that is why many DT frameworks have been proposed in the literature. There are also many surveys of DTs, but none that is bottom‐up with concrete examples and focused on open‐source software. This survey analyzes 14 open‐source DT frameworks in 10 different dimensions, which are then categorized in six different groups according to their modeling and technological domain, to present the reader different options for creating and managing DT applications, and to understand potential combinations, uses, and limitations of the tools. It also presents a case study with five of the explored DT frameworks, describing the process on how the DT is set up and comparing their capabilities based on the services to be provided by the DT. Finally, it discusses advantages and limitations of the tools according to domain, requirements, and scope, relevant aspects regarding built‐in simulations and data analytics, theory‐to‐practice transition, and advantages/disadvantages of using open‐source software instead of commercial. Main limitations of the study due to its narrow niche, conclusions, and opportunities for future research regarding the potential room for improvement in terms of out‐of‐the‐box features and services for DTs, are also shown.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Categorization Of Dt Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survey on open‐source digital twin frameworks–A case study approach

Gil,

Mikkelsen,

Gomes

et al. 2024

Softw Pract Exp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further, they are highly generic, 68 and application-specific functionalities need to be added manually. 60,69 Moreover, some commercial tools (e.g., AWS IoT Twin-Maker) restrict their use in the healthcare domain due to their safety-critical nature. In comparison, our work provides a domain-specific DT generation approach to facilitate rigorous and automated testing of healthcare IoT applications.…”

Section: Industrial Dtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model‐based digital twins of medicine dispensers for healthcare IoT applications

Sartaj,

Ali,

Yue

et al. 2024

Softw Pract Exp

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SummaryHealthcare applications with the Internet of Things (IoT) are often safety‐critical, thus, require extensive testing. Such applications are often connected to smart medical devices from various vendors. System‐level testing of such applications requires test infrastructures physically integrating medical devices, which is time and monetary‐wise expensive. Moreover, applications continuously evolve, for example, introducing new devices and users and updating software. Nevertheless, a test infrastructure enabling testing with a few devices is insufficient for testing healthcare IoT systems, hence compromising their dependability. In this paper, we propose a model‐based approach for the creation and operation of digital twins (DTs) of medicine dispensers as a replacement for physical devices to support the automated testing of IoT applications at scale. We evaluate our approach with an industrial IoT system with medicine dispensers in the context of Oslo City and its industrial partners, providing healthcare services to its residents. We study the fidelity of DTs in terms of their functional similarities with their physical counterparts: medicine dispensers. Results show that the DTs behave more than 92% similar to the physical medicine dispensers, providing a faithful replacement for the dispenser.

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“…A DT requires connectivity to the physical object(s), which involves equipment with IoT (Internet-of-Thing) sensors and actuators already in operation. Given the heterogeneous nature of IoT and big data means that integration, data sharing and management issues arise (Negrin et al 2021;Fan et al 2021;Negri et al 2021;Perabo et al 2021;D' Amico et al 2019;Adamenko et al 2020;Lehner et al 2021aLehner et al , 2021bLi et al 2021b). Middleware that eases integration exists but at the cost of architectural-and infrastructural complexity, increasing development costs.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we benefit from game engines to develop digital twins for planning the deployment of photovoltaics?

2022

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Digital Twins (DTs) have attracted great attention in the energy sector. Game engines have been suggested to model DTs of their physical counterparts because they provide realistic graphics, lighting-, fluid- and physics engines that simulate the real world. However, the application of game engines to develop DTs for photovoltaics (PVs) has not yet been discussed in the literature. Therefore, this paper assesses the built-in game engine features' ability to support the DT development of PVs with Unreal Engine 5. This paper mainly focuses on visual representation because the surrounding environment significantly impacts PV deployment, and the existing software tools do not allow the study of the environmental factors at the early planning phase of a project’s lifecycle. Furthermore, this paper investigates the position of the sun, shadows and reflections from nearby objects that influence the PVs' power output, and if the built-in light engine can be used for planning the deployment of PVs. The result shows that in-game objects in the environment can be used to affect the simulated PV output estimate over a year. It also indicates that applying Unreal Engine 5 to model PV systems that rely on mirroring real-world behaviour is promising if accurate data is used in the modelling. Real data and mathematical PV models are necessary since Unreal Engine 5’s Lumen subsystem cannot provide realistic solar radiance on PVs for a given location on earth.

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Digital Twin Platforms: Requirements, Capabilities, and Future Prospects

Cited by 64 publications

References 11 publications

Survey on open‐source digital twin frameworks–A case study approach

Survey on open‐source digital twin frameworks–A case study approach

Model‐based digital twins of medicine dispensers for healthcare IoT applications

Can we benefit from game engines to develop digital twins for planning the deployment of photovoltaics?

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