“…Conceptually, DT refers to the changes (or disruptions) that the implementation of digital technologies brings to existing business models, which may be experienced in the construction production process, construction companies, and the construction supply chain (Hausberg et al, 2019;Nadkarni and Prügl, 2020). The transformation effects of digital technologies distinguish DT from digitization-which is only the conversion of analog information (e.g., texts, photos, and sounds) into digital information (or binary numbers) that can be encoded by the computer-and digitalization-which is the broader use of digital technologies to optimize existing business processes and functions through enhanced coordination to create more business opportunities and customer value (Verhoef et al, 2019;Berlak et al, 2020). In construction, an example is the old 2D designs on paper, which can now be modeled in 3D using computer-aided designs (CAD) (digitization).…”