Dilute Magnetic Semiconducting Quantum Dots: Smart Materials for Spintronics

Abstract

The present day world involved in the fabrication of miniaturized smart devices is in continuous quest of materials with better optoelectronic and magneto-electronic efficiency. Effective incorporation of dopants into semiconductor lattices have been accepted as a primary means of controlling electrical, optical, magnetic and other physico-chemical properties of semiconductors. Manipulations in magnetic spin within a semiconducting material have lead to an effective research for potential ferromagnets with semiconducting properties, leading to an important field, dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS). On the other hand, quantum dots (QDs) have been registered to be quantum confined nanocrystals with unique optoelectronic properties, having a wide range of potential applications. QDs experienced rapid development leading to the concept of dilute magnetic semiconducting quantum dots (DMSQDs), where transition metals with a few to several atomic percentages, having unpaired d-electrons, are doped in order to manipulate their opto-magnetic properties. These materials are fabricated by alloying transition metals with Group II-VI, III-V and IV-IV elements resulting in multi-component systems. They have tremendous applications in the spintronics industry, where electronic properties are controlled by spin degree of freedom. The present report reveals the significance, electronic origination of the fact, synthesis and their applications toward the fabrication of spintronics devices.

Adaptive Paramagnetism and Photoluminescence in Nitrogen Co-doped Mn: CdS Composite Quantum Dots

“…Unlike other transition metals, manganese possesses distinctive characteristics owing to its half-filled d-orbitals 9 . These attributes play a crucial role in the formation of dimers when Mn interacts with additional dopant elements 10 . The bound magnetic polaron theory (BMP) 11 provides a framework to understand the impact of these dimers on the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic properties exhibited by DMS.…”

“…To facilitate the understanding of DMS quantum dots (DMSQDs) 10 , which are semiconducting quantum dots doped with transition metals exhibiting magnetic behavior, one must consider the profound implications of combining the distinct properties of quantum dots with the magnetic characteristics of transition metals. By incorporating the magnetic nature of DMS at the nanoscale, researchers aim to increase the efficiency of these materials in various spintronic devices 4 , expecting that the small size of quantum dots will lead to extensive interactions between d electrons and sp-shelled electrons, making DMSQDs highly efficient and miniaturized spintronic devices 4 .…”

Tunable Paramagnetism in Mn co-doped N:CdS Composite Nanoparticles

“…Depending on the nature of the dopant, many researchers reported modifications in structural, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Because of its easy-tunable properties, it is useful in materials science emerging to fabricate miniaturized smart devices 1 .…”

Характеристика микродеформационных полей в кристаллах разбавленных магнитных полупроводников ZnSe : Co по данным нейтронной дифракции

“…Интерес к исследованиям свойств кубических полупроводниковых соединений Zn 1−x Me x Se (Me -3d-элемент), относящихся к разбавленным магнитным полупроводникам (РМП) с матрицами А 2 B 6 , не ослабевает на протяжении нескольких последних десятилетий. Указанные материалы, широко применяемые в электронно-оптических устройствах [1-3] и перспективные для использования в элементах спинтроники [3][4], с развитием нанотехнологий становятся сегодня весьма привлекательными для исследования их свойств на объектах наномасштаба [5][6][7][8].…”