Dimensions of impulsive behavior: Personality and behavioral measures

Reynolds, Brady; Ortengren, Amanda; Richards, Jerry B.; Wit, Harriet de

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.03.024

Cited by 783 publications

(738 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The contrast between the failure of any of these scales to predict relapse and the predictive significance of several behavioural indices is consistent with other evidence of such dissociations in the context of impulsivity and substance use (e.g. McDonald et al, 2003;Reynolds et al, 2006;Verdejo-Garcia et al, 2008). In particular, Krishnan-Sarin likewise found neurocognitive measures of impulsivity to outperform trait measures in predicting relapse to smoking, as did Goudriaan et al (2008) in relation to gambling.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Relapse to smoking during unaided cessation: clinical, cognitive and motivational predictors

et al. 2010

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Rationale: Neurobiological models of addiction suggest that abnormalities of brain reward circuitry distort salience attribution and inhibitory control processes, which in turn contribute to high relapse rates. Objectives:To determine whether impairments of salience attribution and inhibitory control predict relapse in a pharmacologically unaided attempt at smoking cessation.Methods: 141 smokers were assessed on indices of nicotine consumption / dependence (e.g. the FTND, cigarettes per day, salivary cotinine), and three trait impulsivity measures. After overnight abstinence they completed experimental tests of cue reactivity, attentional bias to smoking cues, response to financial reward, motor impulsiveness, and response inhibition (antisaccades). They then started a quit attempt with follow-up after 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months; abstinence was verified via salivary cotinine levels ≤ 20ng/ml. Results:Relapse rates at each point were 52.5%, 64% and 76.3%. The strongest predictor was pre-cessation salivary cotinine; other smoking / dependence indices did not explain additional outcome variance and neither did trait impulsivity. All experimental indices except responsivity to financial reward significantly predicted one week outcome. Salivary cotinine, attentional bias to smoking cues and antisaccade errors explained unique as well as shared variance. At one and three months, salivary cotinine, motor impulsiveness and cue reactivity were all individually predictive; the effects of salivary cotinine and motor impulsiveness were additive.Conclusions: These data provide some support for the involvement of abnormal cognitive and motivational processes in sustaining smoking dependence and suggest that they might be a focus of interventions, especially in the early stages of cessation.2

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Relapse to smoking during unaided cessation: clinical, cognitive and motivational predictors

et al. 2010

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“…Behavioral measures, and not self-reports, were significantly related to treatment outcome, consistent with earlier reports suggesting that behavioral and self-report assessments of impulsivity assessments may represent different levels of analyses, from detailing specific behavioral processes to more general trait-like impulsive tendencies (Lejuez et al, 2003, Reynolds et al, 2006. However, given the small sample size, the differences between selfreport and behavioral measures in predicting treatment outcome should be interpreted with caution.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…"Indifference points," or monetary amounts at which two choice options are treated as subjectively equal, are determined for each block and plotted to form discount functions. Previous research with the EDT has used a hyperbolic-decay function to characterize the pattern of indifference points over increasing delays (Reynolds, 2006;Reynolds & Schiffbauer, 2004). However, an increasingly-common alternative method for analyzing delay-discounting data is to calculate area-under-the-curve (AUC) directly from indifference-point values (Myerson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Experiential Discounting Task (Edt; Reynolds and Schiffbauermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, since emerging evidence suggests that behavioral and self-report measures of impulsivity may be measuring different and potentially unrelated processes (e.g., Reynolds et al, 2006) we evaluated interrelationships between the measures. We hypothesized that impulsivity at treatment onset would be associated inversely with tobacco abstinence at end of treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral impulsivity predicts treatment outcome in a smoking cessation program for adolescent smokers

Krishnan‐Sarin¹,

Reynolds²,

Duhig³

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Objective-To examine the relationship between impulsivity and smoking cessation treatment response among adolescents.Methods-Thirty adolescent smokers participated in a high school based smoking cessation program combining contingency management and cognitive behavioral therapy. Self-report (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11); Kirby Delay Discounting Measure (DDM)) and behavioral (Experiential Discounting Task (EDT); Continuous Performance Task (CPT)) measures of impulsivity were assessed at treatment onset.Results-Sixteen participants (53%) were abstinent from smoking at completion of the four-week study. Compared to abstinent adolescents, those not achieving abstinence discounted monetary rewards more on the EDT and committed more commission errors on the CPT. Group differences were not observed on the BIS-11 or DDM.Conclusions-These preliminary results suggest that specific behavioral measures of impulsivity may be associated with the ability to initiate and/or maintain abstinence from smoking among adolescent smokers.

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“…Although choosing a smaller-sooner sum over a larger-later sum is often described as being an 'impulsive' choice, there is equivocal empirical evidence for (e.g., de Wit, Flory, Acheson, McCloskey, & Manuck, 2007;Kirby, Petry, & Bickel, 1999) and against (e.g., McLeish & Oxoby, 2007;Mitchell, 1999;Reynolds, Ortengren, Richards, & de Wit, 2006) an association between discounting and trait-level impulsivity. This has led to discussion that they have behavioral correlates that can be seen as reflecting impulsive decision making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between a one-shot delay discounting measure and age, income, education and real-world impulsive behavior

Reimers

Maylor

Stewart

et al. 2009

Personality and Individual Differences

307

271

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There has been discussion over the extent to which delay discounting -as prototypically shown by a preference for a smaller-sooner sum of money over a larger-later sum -measures the same kind of impulsive preferences that drive non-financial behavior. To address this issue a dataset was analyzed, containing 42,863 participants' responses to a single delaydiscounting choice, along with self-report behaviors that can be considered as impulsive.Choice of a smaller-sooner sum was associated with several demographics: younger age, lower income, lower education; and impulsive behaviors: earlier age of first sexual activity and recent relationship infidelity, smoking, and higher body mass index. These findings suggest that at least an aspect of delay discounting preference is associated with a general trait influencing other forms of impulsivity, and therefore that high delay discounting is another form of impulsive behavior.

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Dimensions of impulsive behavior: Personality and behavioral measures

Cited by 783 publications

References 37 publications

Relapse to smoking during unaided cessation: clinical, cognitive and motivational predictors

Relapse to smoking during unaided cessation: clinical, cognitive and motivational predictors

Behavioral impulsivity predicts treatment outcome in a smoking cessation program for adolescent smokers

Associations between a one-shot delay discounting measure and age, income, education and real-world impulsive behavior

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