Dinoflagellate Cysts in Recent Sediments from the West Coast of Sweden

Persson, Agneta; Godhe, Anna; Karlson, Bengt

doi:10.1515/bot.2000.006

Cited by 95 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Morphologically indistinguishable species and clades as inferred from the molecular data are not only cryptic, but are also widely distributed (Zonneveld et al, 1999;Godhe et al, 2000;Persson et al, 2000;Vink, 2004) and frequently sympatric (Figs 50, 51). Thus, the mechanisms leading to the separation of such cryptic species cannot be clarified by this study, and human influence on their current distribution (dispersal by, e.g., ballast water: Hallegraeff & Bolch, 1991;Ruiz et al, 2000) remains to be determined.…”

Section: Cyst Forming Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A molecular phylogeny ofScrippsiella sensu lato(Calciodinellaceae, Dinophyta) with interpretations on morphology and distribution

Gottschling

Knop

Plötner

et al. 2005

European Journal of Phycology

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The phylogenetic relationships of Scrippsiella sensu lato (including cyst taxa such as Calcigonellum, Calciodinellum, and Pernambugia) were investigated based on sequences from the ribosomal 5.8S rRNA and the Internal Transcribed Spacers ITS1 and ITS2, including interpretations on morphology and distribution. To attach importance to the cyst diversity present in calcareous dinoflagellates, a segregation of Scrippsiella sensu lato into four well-recognizable and monophyletic groups is proposed, corresponding to more-or less-established taxonomic units: (i) Calciodinellum (including Calcigonellum and a few species assigned to Scrippsiella), (ii) Pernambugia (presumptively including Lebessphaera), (iii) S. precaria and S. ramonii, and (iv) Scrippsiella sensu stricto comprising largely the S. trochoidea species complex. The phylogenetic relationships among these four groups are not sufficiently resolved. Molecular data suggest the existence of numerous cryptic taxa showing molecular, but not morphological, variation (especially in Scrippsiella sensu stricto). Closely related strains have a wide range of distribution and occur (at least partly) sympatrically in cold through to tropical seas of the world.

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Section: Cyst Forming Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A molecular phylogeny ofScrippsiella sensu lato(Calciodinellaceae, Dinophyta) with interpretations on morphology and distribution

Gottschling

Knop

Plötner

et al. 2005

European Journal of Phycology

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“…Anoxic sediment was chosen for this feeding experiment based upon the assumption that the differences in species composition of dinoflagellate cysts between aerobic and anaerobic areas are caused, at least in part, by differences in the consumption and/or digestion of dinoflagellate cysts by animals (Persson et al 2000, Persson & Rosenberg 2003. In anoxic sediment, cysts cannot be extensively modified by digestive processes of animals in the sediment, although some may have been subjected to zooplankton feeding while sinking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 10 percent of the dinoflagellate species worldwide are known to produce resting cysts, but in temperate areas this increases to nearly one-third (Nehring 1997, Persson et al 2000. Among the cystproducers are many of the well-known, toxic species, for example paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP)-producing Alexandrium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, resting cysts of dinoflagel-lates have been shown to be subjected to grazing (Persson & Rosenberg 2003, Tsujino & Uchida 2004, Persson et al 2006, 2008). It is clear that all resting cysts produced in the water column are not still present and alive for the next season following several loss factors, including grazing (Persson et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing on a natural assemblage of ciliate and dinoflagellate cysts by the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica

Persson¹,

Smith

2009

Aquat. Biol.

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A natural dinoflagellate-and ciliate-cyst community from anoxic sediment collected from New Haven, Long Island Sound, was concentrated with a particle sorter and fed to oysters Crassostrea virginica. The total number of cysts and the species composition of cysts in beakers containing live oysters were measured before and after feeding by the oysters. The oysters significantly reduced the numbers of both dinoflagellate and ciliate cysts. Both empty cyst walls and filled (live) cysts were consumed. The oysters decreased the number of total cysts to less than half compared to control beakers containing empty oyster shells. Results from the experiment show that natural assemblages of cysts in sediment are degraded by the feeding activities of oysters. If toxic cysts were present in natural sediments resuspended from the bottom, digestion of resting cysts could lead to toxin accumulation in oysters. There was no major shift in species composition of cysts; cysts known as fossilizable were destroyed, as well as cysts not known to be very resistant or preservable.

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“…Most ecological investigations on plankton organisms producing resting stages focused on neritic areas and dealt with taxonomy (Matsuoka, 1988;Lewis, 1991;Dale et al, 1993;Matsuoka and Cho, 2000), biogeography (Lindley, 1990;Nehring, 1997;Persson et al, 2000), toxic aspects related to harmful algal blooms (Han and Terazaki, 1993;Matsuoka and Fukuyo, 1994;Mackenzie et al, 1996;Ellegaard and Oshima, 1998;Dale et al, 1999), alien species invasions (Hallegraeff and Bolch, 1992;Carlton and Geller, 1993;Hallegraeff, 1998;Hamer et al, 2000), and population dynamics (Uye, 1985;Ishikawa and Taniguchi, 1996) of single taxa. The ecological role of resting stages in plankton-benthos coupling in coastal areas, already suggested by Dale (1983) for dinoflagellates and Uye (1985) for copepods, was recently considered as one of the most important keys to understand the dynamics of the whole plankton community (Boero, 1994;Boero et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting stage in the biogenic fraction of surface sediments from the deep Mediterranean Sea

Tommasa¹,

Danovaro²,

Belmonte³

et al. 2004

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY:The presence of resting stages in neritic areas is well known, while their occurrence in the deep sea realm has seldom been considered. Recent investigations showed strict interactions between neritic and deep sea domains, due to upand down-welling phenomena driven by submarine canyons. To estimate the presence of resting stages in deep bottom sediments, seven sediment cores, collected along a trans-Mediterranean transect by means a multi-corer during the TRANSMED survey (1999), were studied. Most biogenic sediment was composed of Foraminifera tests (tens of thousand tests cm -3 ), Calciodinellum albatrosianum and Leonella granifera (Dinophyta) cysts (up to thousands cysts cm -3 ). Eleven dinocyst morphotypes were recorded mainly as empty shells (seven calcareous-walled: C. albatrosianum, Calciperidinium asymmetricum, Leonella granifera, Scrippsiella trochoidea, S. precaria type 1, S. precaria type 2, S. regalis; four organicwalled: Impagidinium aculeatum, unid. dinocyst 1, unid. dinocyst 2 and unid. dinocyst 3), while no metazoan resting eggs were observed. The presence of viable resting stages in deep bottom surface sediments was much lower than in neritic areas, suggesting that oceanic species do not produce cysts for a "benthic resting" strategy. Further taxonomic and biogeographic studies are needed to better understand the ecological dynamics of oceanic plankton in the Mediterranean Sea.Key words: resting stages, deep sea, Mediterranean, biogenic sediments, cyst morphology. RESUMEN: ABUNDANCIA DE ESTADIOS QUIESCENTES EN LA FRACCIÓN BIOGÉNICA DE SEDIMENTOS SUPERFICIALES DEL MAR MEDITERRÁNEO PROFUNDO. -La presencia de estadios quiescentes en áreas neríticas es bien conocida, pero su presencia en fondos profundos raramente se considera. Investigaciones recientes han demostrado interacciones estrictas entre los ámbi-tos nerítico y profundo, debido a fenómenos de afloramiento y hundimiento mediados por los cañones submarinos. Para estimar la presencia de estadios quiescentes en sedimentos profundos se estudiaron siete testigos de sedimento, obtenidos durante el proyecto TRANSMED a lo largo de un transecto transmediterráneo. utilizando un tomatestigos múltiple. La mayor parte de sedimento biogénico estaba compuesto por caparazones de foraminíferos (decenas de miles de caparazones cm -3 ), cistes de Calciodinellum albatrosianum y Leonella granifera (Dinófitos; hasta miles de cistes cm -3 ). Se registraron once morfotipos de dinocistes principalmente como caparazones vacíos (siete con paredes calcáreas: C. albatrosianum, Calciperidinium asymmetricum, Leonella granifera, Scrippsiella trochoidea, S. precaria tipo 1, S. precaria tipo 2, S. regalis; cuatro con paredes orgánicas: Impagidinium aculeatum, dinociste no identificado 1, dinociste no id. 2 y dinociste no id. 3), mientras que no se observaron huevos de reposo de metazoos. La presencia de estadios quiescentes viables en sedimentos superficiales profundos fue mucho menor que en áreas neríticas, lo que sugiere que las especies oceánicas no producen ciste...

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Dinoflagellate Cysts in Recent Sediments from the West Coast of Sweden

Cited by 95 publications

References 4 publications

A molecular phylogeny ofScrippsiella sensu lato(Calciodinellaceae, Dinophyta) with interpretations on morphology and distribution

A molecular phylogeny ofScrippsiella sensu lato(Calciodinellaceae, Dinophyta) with interpretations on morphology and distribution

Grazing on a natural assemblage of ciliate and dinoflagellate cysts by the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica

Resting stage in the biogenic fraction of surface sediments from the deep Mediterranean Sea

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