Dinoflagellate polyether within the yessotoxin, pectenotoxin and okadaic acid toxin groups: Characterization, analysis and human health implications

Co-occurrence of Dinophysis tripos and pectenotoxins in Argentinean shelf waters

“…Several PTX analogs have been found in culture conditions, field water samples and shellfish (Domínguez et al, 2010). The species Dinophysis fortii was the first one identified as a PTX producer (Lee et al, 1989;Draisci et al, 1996), but PTX have been later found in Dinophysis acuta (Suzuki et al, 2003) (Rodríguez et al, 2012;Nagai et al, 2013).…”

“…Reported lethal doses (LD 50 ) by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) in mice for PTXs are detailed in Domínguez et al (2010). Cytotoxicity in different human cancer lines and induction of apoptosis in rat and salmon hepatocytes has been also attributed to some PTX (Domínguez et al, 2010).…”

“…in mice for PTXs are detailed in Domínguez et al (2010). Cytotoxicity in different human cancer lines and induction of apoptosis in rat and salmon hepatocytes has been also attributed to some PTX (Domínguez et al, 2010). The existence of different published results reported by different groups has raised a controversy about the diarrheic activity and oral toxicity of PTX.…”

Dinophysis Species Associated with Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Episodes in North Patagonian Gulfs (Chubut, Argentina)

“…Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) is a specific type of food poisoning and a severe gastrointestinal illness caused by the ingestion of filter-feeding bivalves contaminated with a specific suite of marine toxins (Yasumoto et al 1984, Dom ınguez et al 2010. Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning is globally reported with recurring cases in Europe, South America, and Southeast Asia (Hallegraeff 1993, Van Dolah 2000.…”

Chemical Residues in Animal Food Products: An Issue of Public Health

“…Yessotoxin is related to lesions in the cardiac muscle, liver, pancreas and cerebral neurons and pectenotoxin is clearly hepatotoxic. The effect which yessotoxin and pectenotoxin may have on human beings remains unknown (Dominguez et al, 2010).…”