DIP-MIP: Distributed individual paging extension for mobile IP in IP-based cellular networks

Abstract

The mobility-enabling protocol Mobile IP supports location registration but not paging. However, current cellular networks use registration as well as paging procedures to minimize signaling cost. Accordingly, an extension to Mobile IP using distributed individual paging, the so-called DIP-MIP, is proposed. In DIP-MIP, each mobile host derives its own paging area size by optimizing a signaling cost function based on its individual mobility pattern. The cost function itself may use either of two mobility models -fluid flow and random walk -and the performance of DIP-MIP is analyzed for both. The impact of various parameters on the DIP-MIP signaling cost is studied as well. The performance of DIP-MIP is shown to be superior to that of Mobile IP (MIP) in reducing signaling load, managing mobility and supporting a large number of mobile users in IP-based cellular networks.

A Novel Mobile IP Protocol Supporting Roaming Subnet

“…Using mathematic methods, special proxy is set in MIP to get the register update information and the minimum cost of searching the MN [13]. DIP-MIP adds distributed IP paging into MIP, which saves MN's battery power consumption at inactive stages [14]. Mobile IP architecture Fig.1 illustrates that MIP is proposed to support a single MN to keep link with RN in the B_net.…”

Track Paging an Optimal Method for Minimizing Paging and Signaling Cost in Mobile IP

“…Mobile IP supports only location registration; however,IP layer paging is needed to reduce signaling overhead while the idle MH moves from one subnet to another and minimize the power consumption of the MHs. Various authors [5,[7][8][9][10] have proposed protocols to extend Mobile IP to support paging. Paging is the procedure that allows the network to search for and locate the idle MH when there is a packet destined for the MH, such that the MH does not need to register its precise location to the HA when moving within the paging area.…”

“…A paging foreign agent (PFA) is a foreign agent that originates the paging request and is responsible for the paging process in its paging area. When the HA needs to contact an idle MH for packet delivery, the HA sends a request to the MH's currently serving PFA, and the PFA in turn pages the MH in its current paging area [7]. Ramjee et al [5] propose three different paging architectures where the paging agent function is implemented, respectively, on the home agent, domain root router, and the last visited foreign agent.…”

“…Castellucia also calls for protocol modifications that are not compatible with the existing Mobile IP. DIP-MIP [7], a distributed individual paging extension for Mobile IP in IP-based cellular networks is proposed by its own "view" of the network as divided into paging areas-this view being optimized, according to the MH's packet arrival rate and individual mobility pattern, to minimize signaling cost. In DIP-MIP the paging traffic load is distributed to the FAs acting as PFAs in the network.…”