Diploid Wheats: Are They Less Immunogenic for Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitive Consumers?

Aufiero, Vera Rotondi; Sapone, Anna; Mazzarella, Giuseppe

doi:10.3390/cells11152389

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Wheat is an important and usually healthy staple crop for human and animal nutrition, but a sizable population suffers from inflammatory wheat sensitivities. These are celiac disease, IgEmediated and non-IgE-mediated (type 2) wheat allergy, and innate immune activation by ATI-proteins, the latter two possibly contributing to non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) 14,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23]25,30,31,[41][42][43][44][45] . As most potential allergens are proteins and large differences in the proteomes of the different wheat species were elaborated above, we investigated the distribution of potential allergenic proteins across the wheat species in more detail.…”

Section: Potential and Known Allergenic Proteins Are Largely Reduced ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference proteomes of five wheat species as starting point for future design of cultivars with lower allergenic potential

et al. 2023

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Wheat is an important staple food and its processing quality is largely driven by proteins. However, there is a sizable number of people with inflammatory reactions to wheat proteins, namely celiac disease, wheat allergy and the syndrome of non-celiac wheat sensitivity. Thus, proteome profiles should be of high importance for stakeholders along the wheat supply chain. We applied liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics to establish the flour reference proteome for five wheat species, ancient to modern, each based on 10 cultivars grown in three diverse environments. We identified at least 2540 proteins in each species and a cluster analyses clearly separated the species based on their proteome profiles. Even more, >50% of proteins significantly differed between species - many of them implicated in products’ quality, grain-starch synthesis, plant stress regulation and proven or potential allergic reactions in humans. Notably, the expression of several important wheat proteins was found to be mainly driven by genetics vs. environmental factors, which enables selection and refinement of improved cultivars for the wheat supply chain as long as rapid test methods will be developed. Especially einkorn expressed 5.4 and 7.2-fold lower quantities of potential allergens and immunogenic amylase trypsin inhibitors, respectively, than common wheat, whereas potential allergen content was intermediate in tetraploid wheat species. This urgently warrants well-targeted clinical studies, where the developed reference proteomes will help to design representative test diets.

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Section: Potential and Known Allergenic Proteins Are Largely Reduced ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference proteomes of five wheat species as starting point for future design of cultivars with lower allergenic potential

et al. 2023

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show abstract

“…This is explained by the fact that einkorn wheat has a higher content of gluten and protein (Geisslitz et al, 2019), antioxidants and vitamins (Pehlivan et al, 2021), microelements (Cakmak et al, 2000) than other wheat species which determines its value as a crop for healthy nutrition. Products of the einkorn wheat can be consumed by some categories of people with wheat gluten intolerance (Di Stasio et al, 2020;Rotondi Aufiero et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of spike color in einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.)

2022

The Journal of v. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Biology"

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Aim: specify the spike color inheritance in einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.) hybrids. Methods: reciprocal hybrids between the black-spikeed UA0300282 and white-spikeed UA0300311 cultivated einkorn accessions were created with the use of the “single cross” method. Four generations were analyzed using the segregation analysis method: P1, P2, F1, and F2 at autumn and spring sowing. Results: it was found that for the combination UA0300311 × UA0300282 at autumn sowing, the most suitable inheritance model is MX2-EA-AD, which implies the presence of two main genes with an equal additive effect plus polygene systems with an additive-dominant effect. In the plants of spring sowing, spike color is described by the MX2-CD-AD model, which suggests the presence of two major genes with full dominant effect plus polygenes with additive-dominant effect. In the reciprocal combination UA0300282 × UA0300311, the optimal model that describes best the spike color dispersion in plants of autumn sowing is MX2-ADI-AD, which suggests the presence of two main genes with an additive-dominant-epistatic effect plus polygenes with the additive-dominant effect. Distribution of the spring-sowing plants in terms of the spike color is well described by the MX2-ADI-ADI model – two main genes with an additive-dominant-epistatic effect plus a system of polygenes also with an additive-dominant-epistatic effect. The genes manifest themselves differently in the trait control depending on the weather conditions determined by the sowing time. In the group of direct combination plants (UA0300311 × UA0300282) of autumn sowing, heritability determined by the main gene is 97%, while that determined by polygenes is 2.7%; at spring sowing, these values are 67% and 32% respectively. In the reciprocal combination (UA0300282 × UA0300311) of autumn sowing, the main genes heritability effect is 99%, and the polygenic system accounts for 1%; in plants of spring sowing, respectively, 72%, and 28%. Conclusions: on the basis of the spike color expressiveness in the crossing combination of the einkorn kinds of wheat UA0300311 × UA0300282, the parental forms differ in two main genes and polygenes. The ratio of spike color heritability components depends on the growing conditions: at autumn sowing, 97–99 % of heritability is determined by the main genes, the polygenes account for 1–3 % of phenotypic variability; at spring sowing, the heritability component increases to 28–33 % due to the polygenic complex.

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Ernährung und chronisch entzündliche Erkrankungen

Schuppan,

Sauerbruch

2024

Therapie-Handbuch - Gastroenterologie Und Hepatologie

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Diploid Wheats: Are They Less Immunogenic for Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitive Consumers?

Cited by 5 publications

References 71 publications

Reference proteomes of five wheat species as starting point for future design of cultivars with lower allergenic potential

Reference proteomes of five wheat species as starting point for future design of cultivars with lower allergenic potential

Inheritance of spike color in einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.)

Ernährung und chronisch entzündliche Erkrankungen

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