Direct analysis of nanoparticles in organic solvents by ICPMS with microdroplet injection

Abstract

In recent years, the capabilities for characterizing inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous solvents with respect to their elemental composition, mass and particle number concentration have been expanded using single particle...

Single particle analysis of polydisperse metal-bearing particles in cannabis vape liquids by organic mode ICP-MS

“…Reduced sedimentation of TiO 2 NPs dispersed in toluene containing 10 mM DDT had been previously reported. 24 When no DDT was used, sedimentation of TiO 2 NPs (approximately 60-70%) was observed over 12 min, whereas the addition of 10 mM DDT resulted in reduced sedimentation (approximately 15%). However, the authors did not report sonication or vortexing of the samples before measurement, which may have eliminated the sedimentation as observed in the present study.…”

“…A more recent study focused on sizing TiO 2 NPs in sunscreen products using a microdroplet injector, which minimized the organic solvent load in the plasma and increased the transport efficiency of the sample. 24 The general instrument requirements for the analysis of NPs in organic matrices include the addition of O 2 into plasma to convert the carbon-based matrix into CO 2 , eliminating the deposition of soot on the interface cones. As a result of O 2 addition, the plasma temperature increases, requiring the substitution of nickel interface-cones with platinum cones.…”

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

“…Due to several instrumental limitations, suspensions in organic solvents are not commonly analysed by sp-ICP-MS. The direct introduction of toluene and mesitylene into an ICP-MS using a microdroplet generator was investigated by Kocic et al 33 in order to overcome these limitations. With this configuration the solvent load in the ICP was substantially reduced and soot formation (which causes instrumental drift) was minimised while maintaining a high TE.…”

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

“…The synthesis of NPs often uses hydrophobic organic ligands which are only soluble in non-polar organic solvents which can prove a challenge for analysis by ICP-MS. One approach to achieve this though is the use of a microdroplet generator, which significantly reduces the solvent load on the plasma, and this has been undertaken for the direct introduction of toluene and mesitylene into an ICP-MS instrument. 259 Soot formation, which can cause instrumental drift, was minimised and the transport efficiency was maintained at 100%. The effect of different vacuum interface configurations and the addition of oxygen or nitrogen on the detection efficiency and instrumental background signals was also investigated for a range of elements.…”