Direct and indirect approaches to enantiomeric separation of benzodiazepines using micro column techniques

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction

“…Peytavin et al separated enantiomers of seven antimalarial agents (310). Almquist et al used SFC to separate 10 benzodiazepine racemates and temazepam derivatives (311). Petersson et al determined the enantiomeric purity of (S)carboranylalanine using open-tubular SFC with a stationary phase of permethyl-β-cyclodextrin methyloctylsiloxane (312).…”

Columns in analytical‐scale supercritical fluid chromatography: From traditional to unconventional chemistries

“…With the development of the stationary phases for the packed columns, the same chemistries could also be used in packed capillary SFC with a little addition of the organic modifier (< 20 %) to the mobile phase [68]. Indeed, different stationary phases such as diol [69][70][71], cyanoderivatives [19,[72][73][74], amines [70,75,76], and alkyl chains with different lengths [77][78][79] were used in the late 1980s and 1990s as summarized in Figure S3. Due to the different selectivity of each stationary phase, the applications were extended from the separations of nonpolar molecules such as polymers, PAH, and aliphatic hydrocarbons to pharmaceutical analysis, lipidomics, and environmental analyses of pesticides.…”

Method development in liquid chromatography with a charged cyclodextrin additive for chiral resolution ofrac-amlodipine utilising a central composite design

“…Mechanisms (1) and (2) correspond to complexation equilib ria established in the bulk mobile phase solution. The third mechanism, however, would involve the formation of a dynamic chiral stationary phase (CSP) and would be expected to mimic the resolution mechanism involved when the CD is covalently bonded to a silica surface."…”

“…16 For ffactors which influence the experimental result this requires a total of (2' + 2f+ 1) experiments to be conducted. Thus, a three-factor CCD requires 15 experimental points Fig.…”