Direct and Indirect Symptom Severity Indicators of Alcohol Dependence and the Personality Concept of the Biosocial Model

Andó, Bálint; Rózsa, Sándor; Kurgyis, E.; Szkaliczki, A.; Demeter, I.; Szikszay, P.; Demetrovics, Zsolt; Janka, Zoltán; Álmos, P.Z.

doi:10.3109/10826084.2013.841250

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Because pathologies that underlie comorbid personality traits may contribute or have an effect on the course or prognosis of AD, specific personality traits may reflect a genetic predisposition for substance abuse [ 26 , 27 ]. Our patients with AD had higher NS and HA scores compared to the healthy controls, findings that are in line with those from an earlier study [ 28 ]. In our subgroup analysis, we found that patients with EOAD had the highest NS scores, followed by patients with LOAD, and controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Personality factors may be major predictors for either the course or the outcome of AD [ 26 , 27 ]. Using the model of Cloninger’s biosocial theory of personality, patients with AD have higher novelty seeking (NS) and harm avoidance (HA) scores than that found in controls [ 28 ]. Studies have found an association between the SLC6A3 gene and personality traits defined by the Cloninger’s model in healthy individuals [ 29 , 30 ] and patients with depression [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The SLC6A3 gene possibly affects susceptibility to late-onset alcohol dependence but not specific personality traits in a Han Chinese population

et al. 2017

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Dopaminergic dysfunction has an important role in the pathoetiology of alcohol dependence (AD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether the solute carrier family 6 member 3 (SLC6A3) gene (also known as the dopamine transporter DAT gene) was associated with AD, and whether variants in the SLC6A3 locus were associated with specific personality traits in patients with AD. Sixteen polymorphisms in SLC6A3 were analyzed using 637 patients with AD and 523 healthy controls. To reduce clinical heterogeneity, patients were classified into two subgroups: early-onset AD (EOAD) and late-onset AD (LOAD). The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire was used to assess the personality traits novelty seeking (NS) and harm avoidance (HA) in the patients with AD. Using allele frequency and genotype distribution comparisons and logistic regression analysis, we found evidence of association between rs6350 and AD (P < 0.05). Following subgroup analysis, we confirmed evidence of an association in patients with LOAD (P = 0.003), but not in patients with EOAD. Heterozygous carriers of the A allele have a nearly 3 times greater risk to develop LOAD compared to individuals who do not have an A allele. Although we found that patients with AD had higher NS and HA scores compared to controls (P < 0.001), we did not find evidence of association between SLC6A3 polymorphisms and either NS or HA in patients with AD using linear regression analysis. The findings from our study indicate that the SLC6A3 gene may have a role in susceptibility to late-onset AD in the Han Chinese population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SLC6A3 gene possibly affects susceptibility to late-onset alcohol dependence but not specific personality traits in a Han Chinese population

et al. 2017

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“…The dopaminergic system and specific personality traits have been implicated in the development of AD [ 7 , 16 , 47 ]; however, the relationship between DAT availability and personality in AD has received very little attention. The present study found that patients with AD displayed higher NS and HA traits than healthy controls, in agreement with a previous study [ 16 ]. Additionally, the present study found that among patients with AD, high HA was related to high brain DAT availability ( Fig 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dopamine is implicated in the regulation of specific personality traits [ 16 , 17 ], and dopamine transporter/receptor availability may also be associated with certain traits [ 18 , 19 ]. However, the relationship between DAT availability and personality has not been clearly established either among healthy subjects or patient populations [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Dopamine Transporter Availability and Neurocognitive Deficits in Male Patients with Alcohol Dependence

et al. 2015

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Dopamine plays an important role in the development of alcohol dependence, cognitive dysfunction, and is regulated via dopamine transporter activity. Although dopamine transporter activity is critically involved in alcohol dependence, studies observing this relationship are limited. Thus the current study examined whether dopamine transporter availability is associated with developing of alcohol dependence and cognitive dysfunction. Brain imaging with 99mTc-TRODAT-1 as a ligand was used to measure dopamine transporter availability among 26 male patients with pure alcohol dependence and 22 age- and sex- matched healthy volunteers. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) were administered to assess neurocognitive functioning and personality traits, respectively. Compared to healthy controls, patients with alcohol dependence showed a significant reduction in dopamine transporter availability (p < 0.001), as well as diminished performance on the WCST (p < 0.001). Dopamine transporter availability was negatively correlated with both total and perseverative WCST errors among healthy controls, but only patients with alcohol dependence showed a positive correlation between dopamine transporter availability and a harm avoidance personality profile. Thus, reductions in dopamine transporter availability may play a pathophysiological role in the development of pure alcohol dependence, given its association with neurocognitive deficits. Moreover, personality may influence the development of pure alcohol dependence; however, additional clinical subgroups should be examined to confirm this possibility.

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“…It was revealed as well that students taking narcotics manifest, as a major feature of themselves, a higher level of novelty seeking, and a lower level of persistence and of self-directedness, in comparison with their peers who neither take narcotics nor intend to do so (Chodkiewicz, 2007;Hornowska, 2003). The dimension of novelty seeking, which, on the basis of numerous studies, has come to be considered to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence and the permanence of the majority of addictions, was connected with the exacerbation of the alcohol problems as well (Andó et al, 2014), whereas self-directedness manifested negative associations with the occurrence of personality disorders in the case of alcoholics (Basiaux et al, 2001). A higher level of novelty seeking was also a major feature of alcoholics commencing addictive drinking early in comparison with those who started to drink intensively later (Dom, Hulsijn, & Sabbe, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of personality in the scope of motivation for maintaining abstinence in the case of male alcohol-dependent individuals concluding therapy

Chodkiewicz¹

2014

Current Issues in Personality Psychology

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backgroundThe results of numerous studies indicate strong associations of personality with the occurrence, and also with the treatment, of alcohol dependence. However, there is no agreement regarding the role of particular dimensions of temperament and character in the course of, and for the results of, alcohol rehabilitation therapy. The objective of the present research was to investigate the relationships between the dimensions of temperament and character as they are presented by Robert Cloninger and motivation for maintaining abstinence in the case of male alcohol-dependent individuals concluding the therapy. participants and procedureEighty-nine male alcohol-dependent individuals, concluding alcohol rehabilitation therapy in an outpatient setting, were studied. The following research tools were applied: the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) of R. Cloninger in the Polish adaptation of E. Hornowska (2003), and the Motivation for Maintaining Abstinence Inventory, the author of which is M. Ziółkowski. resultsTwo clusters, differing in the aspect of motivation for maintaining abstinence after the conclusion of the treatment, were distinguished: of individuals manifesting weaker motivation (n = 39) and those manifesting stronger motivation (n = 50). The patients with stronger motivation manifested the following major features: a lower level of harm avoidance, a higher level of reward dependence, and a higher level of cooperativeness.conclusions Personality as it is presented by Cloninger manifests connections with motivation for maintaining abstinence. The research confirms the need for diagnosing addicted patients in the scope of temperament and character traits. key words alcohol dependence; motivation for maintaining abstinence; temperament and character in accordance with Cloninger, the TCI

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Direct and Indirect Symptom Severity Indicators of Alcohol Dependence and the Personality Concept of the Biosocial Model

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

The SLC6A3 gene possibly affects susceptibility to late-onset alcohol dependence but not specific personality traits in a Han Chinese population

The SLC6A3 gene possibly affects susceptibility to late-onset alcohol dependence but not specific personality traits in a Han Chinese population

Reduced Dopamine Transporter Availability and Neurocognitive Deficits in Male Patients with Alcohol Dependence

Determinants of personality in the scope of motivation for maintaining abstinence in the case of male alcohol-dependent individuals concluding therapy

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