Direct and Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Bisphenol A in Complex Environmental Samples Using a Simple and Convenient Nanochannel-Modified Electrode

Abstract

Rapid, convenient, and sensitive detection of Bisphenol A (BPA) in complex environmental samples without the need for tedious pre-treatment is crucial for assessing potential health risks. Herein, we present an electrochemical sensing platform using a simple nanochannel-modified electrode, which enables the direct and sensitive detection of BPA in complex samples. A vertically ordered mesoporous silica-nanochannel film (VMSF) with high-density nanochannels is rapidly and stably grown on the surface of a electrochemically activated glassy carbon electrode (p-GCE) by using the electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method. The high antifouling capability of the VMSF/p-GCE sensor is proven by investigating the electrochemical behavior of BPA in the presence of model coexisting interfering molecules including amylum, protein, surfactant, and humic acid. The VMSF/p-GCE sensor can sensitively detect BPA ranged from 50 to 1.0 μM and 1.0–10.0 μM, with low detection limits (15 nM). Owing to the electrocatalytic performance and high potential resolution of p-GCE, the sensor exhibits high selectivity for BPA detection in the presence of common environmental pollutants, including bisphenol S (BPS), catechol (CC), hydroquinone (HQ), and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). In combination with the good antifouling property of the VMSF, direct detection of BPA in environmental water samples and soil leaching solution (SLS) is also realized without separation pretreatment. The developed VMSF/p-GCE sensor demonstrated advantages of simple structure, high sensitivity, good antifouling performance, and great potential in direct electroanalysis of endocrine-disrupting compounds in complex samples.

Sensitive detection of noradrenaline in human whole blood based on Au nanoparticles embedded vertically-ordered silica nanochannels modified pre-activated glassy carbon electrodes

“…VMSF was grown on p-GCE by electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method ( Huang et al, 2022 ; Deng et al, 2023 ). Firstly, the precursor solution was prepared.…”

A novel bimetallic MOFs combined with gold nanoflakes in electrochemical sensor for measuring bisphenol A

“…Based on this equation, the electrochemical oxidation of BPA at Fe-Cu-BTC/AuNPs/GCE is a two-proton process as previously reported. [10][11][12][13]32,[39][40][41] 3.5.3. Effects of accumulation time.…”

“…10 BPA is also a typical endocrine disruptor in the environment which is commonly found in product packaging, thus gradually accumulating in human bodies through the ingestion of food and water from trace levels. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] For the detection of BPA, several MOFs have been utilized as functional materials to fabricate sensors and to improve sensing performance. For instance, a nano-sized iron MOF (Fe-MIL-88B-NH 2 ) were used to detect BPA due to its adsorption and quenching of uorescent modi-ed DNA aptamer.…”

“…30 Monoclinic WO 3 nanosheets-carbon nanotubes nanocomposite based electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of bisphenol A reported by Tianyou Peng et al 31 with detection limit of 16.3 nM, good reproducibility, selectivity and stability. Despite the availability of various electrochemical methods for rapid and cost-effective detection of BPA, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]31 BMOF sensors has not been utilized popularly.…”

Disposal Immunosensor for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen Based on Amino-Rich Nanochannels Array-Modified Patterned Indium Tin Oxide Electrode

“…For example, the most common renewable electrodes are noble metal electrodes (e.g., Au, Pt electrodes) and carbon electrodes (e.g., glassy carbon electrode (GCE), carbon paste electrodes, carbon fiber electrodes, etc.). However, these electrodes are expensive and often need to be polished with particulate slurries (such as 1 μm, 0.3 μm, and 0.05 μm Al 2 O 3 slurry) before use, which is complicated to operate [ 19 , 20 ]. Disposable screen-printed electrodes (SPCE) are inexpensive and could be mass-manufactured.…”