Direct Aortic Interposition of Anomalous Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Without Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Anomalous Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery, Unroofed Coronary Sinus, Patent Foramen Ovale, and a Persistent Left-sided SVC in a Single Patient: A Harmonious Quartet of Defects

“…In addition to the triad of URCS, PFO, and LSVC, an anomalous origin of the LAD (not the left main coronary artery) from the PA was also discovered in this patient. This defect alone is extremely rare and has been reported in the literature only a handful of times 11–20 . It should be noted, however, that our patient did not illustrate Bland‐White‐Garland syndrome or anomalous left coronary artery from the PA as the left main artery maintained a normal aortic origin.…”

“…This defect alone is extremely rare and has been reported in the literature only a handful of times. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] It should be noted, however, that our patient did not illustrate Bland-White-Garland syndrome or anomalous left coronary artery from the PA as the left main artery maintained a normal aortic origin. Furthermore, outside of two pediatric cases reporting an anomalous LAD origin associated with tetralogy of Fallot 19,20 and one other documenting the anomaly in the setting of a ventricular septal defect, 18 there are, to our knowledge, no other published reports documenting the presence of an anomalous LAD origin in the setting of other concomitant congenital abnormalities.…”

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] It should be noted, however, that our patient did not illustrate Bland-White-Garland syndrome or anomalous left coronary artery from the PA as the left main artery maintained a normal aortic origin. This defect alone is extremely rare and has been reported in the literature only a handful of times.…”