Direct Communication Between Brains: A Systematic PRISMA Review of Brain-To-Brain Interface

Nam, Chang S.; Traylor, Zachary; Chen, Mengyue; Jiang, Xiaoning; Feng, Wuwei; Chhatbar, Pratik Y.

doi:10.3389/fnbot.2021.656943

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A brain-to-brain interface enables the mutual exchange of decoded neural information between two brains through a brain-computer interface. This interface receives the sender’s neural information and transmits it to the receiver’s brain via electrical stimulation ( Nam et al, 2021 ). Direct information transmission from the brain of a clinician to that of a patient using a brain-to-brain interface could facilitate interpersonal interaction and more complex bidirectional clinician-patient interactions to achieve pain control.…”

Section: Pain Control Targeting Inter-brain Oscillatory Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain control based on oscillatory brain activity using transcranial alternating current stimulation: An integrative review

Takeuchi

2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Developing effective tools and strategies to relieve chronic pain is a high-priority scientific and clinical goal. In particular, the brain regions related to pain processing have been investigated as potential targets to relieve pain by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). In addition to elucidating the relationship between pain and oscillatory brain activity, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), which can non-invasively entrain oscillatory brain activity and modulate oscillatory brain communication, has attracted scientific attention as a possible technique to control pain. This review focuses on the use of tACS to relieve pain through the manipulation of oscillatory brain activity and its potential clinical applications. Several studies have reported that tACS on a single brain reduces pain by normalizing abnormal oscillatory brain activity in patients with chronic pain. Interpersonal tACS approaches based on inter-brain synchrony to manipulate inter-brain communication may result in pain relief via prosocial effects. Pain is encoded by the spatiotemporal neural communication that represents the integration of cognitive, emotional-affective, and sensorimotor aspects of pain. Therefore, future studies should seek to identify the pathological oscillatory brain communication in chronic pain as a therapeutic target for tACS. In conclusion, tACS could be effective for re-establishing oscillatory brain activity and assisting social interaction, and it might help develop novel approaches for pain control.

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Section: Pain Control Targeting Inter-brain Oscillatory Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain control based on oscillatory brain activity using transcranial alternating current stimulation: An integrative review

Takeuchi

2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Neural bypasses have also been demonstrated between subjects, transmitting neural information from one nervous system to another [71]. This has previously been performed by recording visual evoked potentials or motor imagery with EEG from one participant, and then transmitting information to a separate participant using TMS to perform coordinated tasks and problem solving [72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Inter-subject Neural Bypassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Bypasses: Literature Review and Future Directions in Developing Artificial Neural Connections

Zuccaroli¹,

Lucke‐Wold²,

Palla³

et al. 2023

OBM Neurobiol

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Reported neuro-modulation schemes in the literature are typically classified as closed-loop or open-loop. A novel group of recently developed neuro-modulation devices may be better described as a neural bypass, which attempts to transmit neural data from one location of the nervous system to another.<strong> </strong>The most common form of neural bypasses in the literature utilize EEG recordings of cortical information paired with functional electrical stimulation for effector muscle output, most commonly for assistive applications and rehabilitation in spinal cord injury or stroke. Other neural bypass locations that have also been described, or may soon be in development, include cortical-spinal bypasses, cortical-cortical bypasses, autonomic bypasses, peripheral-central bypasses, and inter-subject bypasses. The most common recording devices include EEG, ECoG, and microelectrode arrays, while stimulation devices include both invasive and noninvasive electrodes. Several devices are in development to improve the temporal and spatial resolution and biocompatibility for neuronal recording and stimulation. A major barrier to entry includes neuroplasticity and current decoding mechanisms that regularly require retraining. Neural bypasses are a unique class of neuro-modulation. Continued advancement of neural recording and stimulating devices with high spatial and temporal resolution, combined with decoding mechanisms uninhibited by neuroplasticity, can expand the therapeutic capability of neural bypassing. Overall, neural bypasses are a promising modality to improve the treatment of common neurologic disorders, including stroke, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, brain injury and more.

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“…A new neural interface technology, i.e., the brain-to-brain interface, could induce brain-to-brain synchrony by operating the patient’s brain activity using NIBS and adjusting it to the therapist’s brain activity. A brain-to-brain interface allows two brains to mutually exchange decoded neural information with each other using a brain-computer interface that reads the sender’s brain activity and a computer-brain interface that transmits the neural information to the receiver’s brain using electrical stimulation ( Nam et al, 2021 ). The direct transmission of information from a therapist’s to a patient’s brain via a brain-to-brain interface may facilitate instruction-based learning and more complex bidirectional therapist-patient interactions.…”

Section: The Future Of Physiotherapy Using Two-person Neuroscience Approaches In Therapist-patient Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Rehabilitation Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Based on Second-Person Neuroscience of Teaching-Learning Interactions

Takeuchi

2022

Front. Psychol.

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Recent advances in second-person neuroscience have allowed the underlying neural mechanisms involved in teaching-learning interactions to be better understood. Teaching is not merely a one-way transfer of information from teacher to student; it is a complex interaction that requires metacognitive and mentalizing skills to understand others’ intentions and integrate information regarding oneself and others. Physiotherapy involving therapists instructing patients on how to improve their motor skills is a clinical field in which teaching-learning interactions play a central role. Accumulating evidence suggests that non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) modulates cognitive functions; however, NIBS approaches to teaching-learning interactions are yet to be utilized in rehabilitation. In this review, I evaluate the present research into NIBS and its role in enhancing metacognitive and mentalizing abilities; I then review hyperscanning studies of teaching-learning interactions and explore the potential clinical applications of NIBS in rehabilitation. Dual-brain stimulation using NIBS has been developed based on findings of brain-to-brain synchrony in hyperscanning studies, and it is delivered simultaneously to two individuals to increase inter-brain synchronized oscillations at the stimulated frequency. Artificial induction of brain-to-brain synchrony has the potential to promote instruction-based learning. The brain-to-brain interface, which induces inter-brain synchronization by adjusting the patient’s brain activity, using NIBS, to the therapist’s brain activity, could have a positive effect on both therapist-patient interactions and rehabilitation outcomes. NIBS based on second-person neuroscience has the potential to serve as a useful addition to the current neuroscientific methods used in complementary interventions for rehabilitation.

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Direct Communication Between Brains: A Systematic PRISMA Review of Brain-To-Brain Interface

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Pain control based on oscillatory brain activity using transcranial alternating current stimulation: An integrative review

Pain control based on oscillatory brain activity using transcranial alternating current stimulation: An integrative review

Neural Bypasses: Literature Review and Future Directions in Developing Artificial Neural Connections

Perspectives on Rehabilitation Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Based on Second-Person Neuroscience of Teaching-Learning Interactions

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