Direct measurement of structural forces in a supermolecular fluid

Direct Measurement of Depletion and Structural Forces in Polydisperse, Charged Systems

“…Experimental observation of this effect has also been reported by various authors (13,74,75). For example, Nikolov and Wasan (75) used microinterferometric and scattering techniques to probe the structuring of colloidal particles in dynamic thin films.…”

Depletion forces in thin liquid films due to nonionic and ionic surfactant micelles

“…In superposition with the van der Waals and electrostatic surface forces, the depletion force gives rise to a minimum in the total interaction energy per unit area W at h/d b1, which can be directly detected by colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) [26], as well as by a surface-force apparatus [27]. In experiments with stratifying films, the effect of depletion interaction on the final film thickness, contact angle and disjoining pressure can be registered by using the capillary cell of Scheludko and Exerowa (SE cell) [28] and the porous-plate cell by Mysels and Jones (MJ cell) [29]; for examples, see Refs.…”

Effect of Polydispersity and Charge Heterogeneity on the Depletion Interaction in Colloidal Systems

“…This inconsistency was especially apparent in the case of smaller macromolecules (5-nmdiameter silica) and possible causes given included polydispersity, nonequilibrium effects, and alterations in the energy profiles produced by electrostatic screening by the charged nonospheres. Finally, Chu et al (22) found significant disparities between the monodisperse case predictions of the depletion force made using their model and the experimental results of Parker et al (23) for a system with 25% polydispersity.…”