“…The Lump-Sum strategy involves investing a substantial amount of money at the outset and holding it until the investor decides to withdraw or cash out (Chang et al, 2023;Grudniewicz & Ślepaczuk, 2023). The Lump Sum method is convenient with minimal investor involvement, but it poses a higher entry barrier, necessitating the investor to accumulate the required investment amount (Ma et al, 2022).…”