Direct thermal to electrical energy conversion using 9.5/65/35 PLZT ceramics in the ergodic relaxor phase

Ferroelectric/antiferroelectric thin/thick films with large electrocaloric (EC) effect in a broad operational temperature range are very attractive in solid-state cooling devices. We demonstrated that a large positive electrocaloric (EC) effect (maximum ΔT~20.7 K) in a broad temperature range (~110 K) was realized in Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.65Sn0.3Ti0.05)O3 (PLZST) relaxor antiferroelectric (AFE) thin film prepared using a sol-gel method. The large positive EC effect may be ascribed to the in-plane residual thermal tensile stress during the layer-by-layer annealing process, and the high-quality film structure owing to the utilization of the LaNiO3/Pt composite bottom electrode. The broad EC temperature range may be ascribed to the great dielectric relaxor dispersion around the dielectric peak because of the coexistence of nanoscale multiple FE and AFE phases. Moreover, a large pyroelectric energy density (6.10 Jcm-3) was harvested by using an Olsen cycle, which is much larger than those (usually less than 10-4 Jcm-3) obtained by using direct thermal-electrical, Stirling and Carnot cycles, etc. These breakthroughs enable the PLZST thin film an attractive multifunctional material for applications in modern solid-state cooling and energy harvesting.

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“…The energy harvesting of the PLZST thin film can be realized by using an Olsen cycle [35], as schematically guided by the red arrows in Fig. 6…”

Section: Energy Harvesting Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal strain induced large electrocaloric effect of relaxor thin film on LaNiO3/Pt composite electrode with the coexistence of nanoscale antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases in a broad temperature range

et al. 2018

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“…A maximum energy density of 888 J l −1 per cycle was generated at 0.0178 Hz, corresponding to a power density of 15.8 W l −1 , for operating temperatures between 25 and 160 • C and electric field cycled between 0.2 and 7.5 MV m −1 . Chin et al [54] performed a similar procedure on 9.5/65/35 PLZT ceramics and achieved a maximum power density of 55 W l −1 at 0.125 Hz. The Olsen cycle was performed between 3 and 140 • C and electric field from 0.2 to 6.0 MV m −1 .…”

Section: Dipping Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Olsen cycle was performed between 3 and 140 • C and electric field from 0.2 to 6.0 MV m −1 . These studies [53,54] demonstrated that the energy conversion performance of PLZT is strongly dependent on the material composition and operating temperatures and electric fields. In fact, T Curie was reported to be −25, −10, 65, 150, 240, and 310 • C for the 65/35 Pb/Ti ratio and x = 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, and 5 mol%, respectively [55].…”

Section: Dipping Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyroelectric energy conversion using PLZT ceramics and the ferroelectric–ergodic relaxor phase transition

Lee¹,

Jo²,

Lynch³

et al. 2013

Smart Mater. Struct.

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This paper is concerned with direct conversion of waste heat into electricity by executing the Olsen cycle on lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics undergoing a relaxor-ferroelectric phase transition. The Olsen cycle consists of two isothermal and two isoelectric field processes. First, the temperature-dependent dielectric properties were measured for x/65/35 PLZT. The polarization transition temperature of x/65/35 PLZT was found to decrease from 240 to 10 • C as x increased from 5 to 10 mol%. This suggests that the different compositions should be operated over different temperature ranges for maximum thermal to electrical energy conversion. The energy and power densities generated by the Olsen cycle using x/65/35 PLZT samples were measured by successively dipping the samples in isothermal dielectric oil baths. Large energy and power densities were obtained when the samples underwent the ergodic relaxor-ferroelectric phase transition. A maximum energy density of 1014 J l −1 per cycle was obtained with a 190 µm thick 7/65/35 PLZT sample cycled at 0.026 Hz between 30 and 200 • C and between 0.2 and 7.0 MV m −1 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest pyroelectric energy density ever demonstrated experimentally with ceramics, single crystals, or polymers. A maximum power density of 48 W l −1 was achieved using a 200 µm thick 6/65/35 PLZT sample for temperatures between 40 and 210 • C and electric fields between 0 and 8.5 MV m −1 at a frequency of 0.060 Hz. The maximum applied electric field and temperature swings of these materials were physically limited by dielectric breakdown and thermomechanical stress.

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“…The harvested thermal–electrical energy density per cycle ( W ) is equal to the area 1‐2‐3‐4 between the two P – E loops at T L and T H operated at E L and E H in Fig. , and expressed as

W = \oint E normald P

where E is the electric field, and P is the polarization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant Thermal–Electrical Energy Harvesting Effect of Pb_0.97La_0.02(Zr_0.75Sn_0.18Ti_0.07)O₃ Antiferroelectric Thick Film

Hao

Zhao

2014

J. Am. Ceram. Soc.

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In this letter, 2‐μm Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.75Sn0.18Ti0.07)O3 antiferroelectric thick film with tetragonal structure was prepared. The effects of operating electric field, temperature, and frequency on the thermal–electrical energy harvesting capacity of the film were studied by using the Olsen cycle. The results demonstrated that giant energy harvesting effect could be realized in the antiferroelectric thick film. The maximum harvestable energy density per cycle of the film was about 7.8 J/cm3 at 1 kHz, which was the largest reported value to date. The corresponding energy harvesting efficiency was 0.53%. Moreover, the film had a low leakage current density (about 7.3 × 10−7 and 3.9 × 10−5 A/cm2 at 25 and 200°C, respectively), which was favorable for its application in the devices of the thermal–electrical energy harvesting.

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Direct thermal to electrical energy conversion using 9.5/65/35 PLZT ceramics in the ergodic relaxor phase

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Thermal strain induced large electrocaloric effect of relaxor thin film on LaNiO3/Pt composite electrode with the coexistence of nanoscale antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases in a broad temperature range

Thermal strain induced large electrocaloric effect of relaxor thin film on LaNiO3/Pt composite electrode with the coexistence of nanoscale antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases in a broad temperature range

Pyroelectric energy conversion using PLZT ceramics and the ferroelectric–ergodic relaxor phase transition

Giant Thermal–Electrical Energy Harvesting Effect of Pb_0.97La_0.02(Zr_0.75Sn_0.18Ti_0.07)O₃ Antiferroelectric Thick Film

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Direct thermal to electrical energy conversion using 9.5/65/35 PLZT ceramics in the ergodic relaxor phase

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Thermal strain induced large electrocaloric effect of relaxor thin film on LaNiO3/Pt composite electrode with the coexistence of nanoscale antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases in a broad temperature range

Thermal strain induced large electrocaloric effect of relaxor thin film on LaNiO3/Pt composite electrode with the coexistence of nanoscale antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases in a broad temperature range

Pyroelectric energy conversion using PLZT ceramics and the ferroelectric–ergodic relaxor phase transition

Giant Thermal–Electrical Energy Harvesting Effect of Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.75Sn0.18Ti0.07)O3 Antiferroelectric Thick Film

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Giant Thermal–Electrical Energy Harvesting Effect of Pb_0.97La_0.02(Zr_0.75Sn_0.18Ti_0.07)O₃ Antiferroelectric Thick Film