Direct versus indirect radiation action in irradiated vegetal embryos

Vochița, Gabriela; Focea-Ghioc, Ramona; Creangă, Dorina

doi:10.2478/s11535-014-0342-x

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Regarding genetic effects, radiation often induces chromosomal aberrations such as chromosome breaks, deletions, chromatid exchanges, and chromatin bridges [59]. Chromosomal abnormalities can hamper the normal segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis [60][61][62], which may cause retarded growth and reduced fertility, respectively. Additionally, the accumulation of various DNA mutations in the haploid genome of gametophytes may affect the function of gametophyte development-related genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Gamma Irradiation Changes Phenotype and Gene Expression Partially Transmitted to Next-Generation Tomato Seedlings

Kim

Chun

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Compared to the studies on acute irradiation of seeds, fewer studies have reported on the chronic irradiation of seedlings, especially in fruit-bearing vegetables. We examined the effects of chronic gamma irradiation on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Micro-Tom’) seedlings exposed to gamma rays (50, 100, 150, and 200 Gy) for 4 weeks. As the total dose of gamma rays increased, leaf length, trichome density, and seed number were reduced in the irradiated seedlings (M1). Additionally, a change in fruit shape was observed. Chronic gamma irradiation reduced the expression of two trichome-related genes and affected the expression levels of 11 reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes. We examined the transmittance of these effects using M2 plants. The trichome density and fruit shape were similar between M2 and control plants; however, a reduction in leaf length and seed number was detected in M2 plants. Interestingly, changes in the expression of four ROS-related genes (ZAT10, Mn-SOD, POD3, and RBOH1) found in M1 were detected in M2 plants. Thus, the changes in phenotype and gene expression induced by chronic gamma irradiation were transmitted to the next generation. Additionally, we found novel mutants from M2 plants, suggesting that chronic gamma irradiation may be considered in tomato mutation breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Gamma Irradiation Changes Phenotype and Gene Expression Partially Transmitted to Next-Generation Tomato Seedlings

Kim

Chun

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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“…Interestingly, the SBS frequency was similar between dry-seed irradiation and seedling irradiation; the three-times higher InDel frequency was the main reason for the higher MF in dry-seed irradiation than in seedling irradiation. These results could be attributed to the higher ratio of direct effects due to the low water content of dry seeds 14 – 16 . Alternatively, in the case of seedling irradiation, cells with InDels may have proliferated more slowly, resulting in their rapid elimination from the meristem (a tissue in which cells actively proliferate during and after irradiation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological status of plant tissue affects the frequency and types of mutations induced by carbon-ion irradiation in Arabidopsis

Hase

Satoh

Kitamura

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Ionizing radiation including heavy-ion beams has been widely used in mutation breeding. Dry seeds, seedlings, and cultured tissues are often used for mutagenesis; however, little is known about the differences in induced mutations among them. Here, we examined the characteristics of mutations using randomly chosen Arabidopsis M2 plants derived from dry seeds and seedlings irradiated with carbon ions. The mutation frequency was 1.4–1.9 times higher in dry-seed irradiation than in seedling irradiation. This difference was mainly due to the three-times higher frequency of insertions and deletions (InDels) in dry-seed irradiation than in seedling irradiation. This difference increased the proportion of mutations predicted to affect gene function among all mutations identified by whole genome re-sequencing. Our results demonstrate that the physiological status of plant tissue greatly affects the characteristics of mutations induced by ionizing radiation, and that dry seeds are more suitable materials than seedlings for inducing loss-of-function mutations. The results also showed that single base deletions often occurred in homopolymeric sequences, while InDels larger than 2–3 bp often occurred in or near polynucleotide-repeat or microhomologous sequences. Interestingly, microhomology was less commonly found around large deletions (≥50 bp), suggesting that the rejoining process differs depending on the deletion size.

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“…Water contents below 14% reportedly increase the sensitivity of barley seeds to gamma rays and X-rays, although the underlying mechanism has not been characterized [3]. In contrast, according to Vochita et al [37], who analyzed the cytological effects of low-LET radiation (X-ray and electron beams) on dry and hydrated seeds, the mitotic index is lower and the rate of chromosomal aberrations is higher in irradiated hydrated samples.…”

Section: Effects Of Plant Tissue Type and Conditionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Frequency and Spectrum of Radiation-Induced Mutations Revealed by Whole-Genome Sequencing Analyses of Plants

Kim

2019

QuBS

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Mutation breeding and functional genomics studies of mutant populations have made important contributions to plant research involving the application of radiation. The frequency and spectrum of induced mutations have long been regarded as the crucial determinants of the efficiency of the development and use of mutant populations. Systematic studies regarding the mutation frequency and spectrum, including genetic and genomic analyses, have recently resulted in considerable advances. These studies have consistently shown that the mutation frequency and spectrum are affected by diverse factors, including radiation type, linear energy transfer, and radiation dose, as well as the plant tissue type and condition. Moreover, the whole-genome sequencing of mutant individuals based on next-generation sequencing technologies has enabled the genome-wide quantification of mutation frequencies according to DNA mutation types as well as the elucidation of mutation mechanisms based on sequence characteristics. These studies will contribute to the development of a highly efficient and more controlled mutagenesis method relevant for the customized research of plants. We herein review the characteristics of radiation-induced mutations in plants, mainly focusing on recent whole-genome sequencing analyses as well as factors affecting the mutation frequency and spectrum.

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Direct versus indirect radiation action in irradiated vegetal embryos

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Chronic Gamma Irradiation Changes Phenotype and Gene Expression Partially Transmitted to Next-Generation Tomato Seedlings

Chronic Gamma Irradiation Changes Phenotype and Gene Expression Partially Transmitted to Next-Generation Tomato Seedlings

Physiological status of plant tissue affects the frequency and types of mutations induced by carbon-ion irradiation in Arabidopsis

Frequency and Spectrum of Radiation-Induced Mutations Revealed by Whole-Genome Sequencing Analyses of Plants

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