Direction-Dependent Effects of Combined Static and ELF Magnetic Fields on Cell Proliferation and Superoxide Radical Production

Abstract

Proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was stimulated by a nearly vertical 60 or 120 μT static magnetic field (MF) in comparison to cells that were shielded against MFs. When the static field was combined with an extremely low frequency (ELF) MF (18 Hz, 30 μT), proliferation was suppressed by a horizontal but not by a vertical ELF field. As these results suggested that the effects of an ELF MF depend on its direction in relation to the static MF, independent experiments were carried out to confirm such dependence using 50 Hz MFs and a different experimental model. Cytosolic superoxide level in rat glioma C6 cells exposed in the presence of a nearly vertical 33 μT static MF was increased by a horizontal 50 Hz, 30 μT MF, but not affected by a vertical 50 Hz MF. The results suggest that a weak ELF MF may interact with the static geomagnetic field in producing biological effects, but the effect depends on the relative directions of the static and ELF MFs.

Plant-Derived Natural Biomolecule Picein Attenuates Menadione Induced Oxidative Stress on Neuroblastoma Cell Mitochondria

“…Thus, the mitochondria-specific probe MitoSOX Red was employed to detect the superoxide production and to assess the integrity of mitochondria [64,65]. Several recent studies reported that the ROS formation in mitochondria may lead to mitochondrial superoxide production [44,66,67]. In this study, menadione treatment increases mitochondrial superoxide production after exposure to the increasing trend ( Figure 6).…”

The Effects of Bio-inspired Electromagnetic Fields on Normal and Cancer Cells

“…Although the directionality is a crucial feature for a vector field like EMF, not until recent years have the bioelectromagnetic researchers begun to investigate the influence of the EMF direction on the bioelectromagnetic effects [11][12][13] . Naarala et al have reported that the relative orientation between static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields has an effect on cell proliferation and superoxide production [11] . Tian et al have demonstrated that constant magnetic fields in different directions yield distinct effects on cell growth rates, depending on cell types [12] .…”

MolSpin—Flexible and extensible general spin dynamics software

“…(11) and similarly add more diagonal elements to the reaction operator in Eq. (12). The creation operators between different spin systems still follow Eq.…”

“…A change in the concentrations of reactive oxygen species, O 11,12,45 Spin dynamics of this specific radical pair when exposed to radiofrequency radiation was explored using Mol-Spin as illustrated in Fig. 4, where the FADH • radical was simulated using 5 hyperfine interactions, while the superoxide radical was assumed to be in its most abundant form with nonmagnetic isotopes for the atomic nuclei.…”

“…[5][6][7][8] Radical pairs have also been proposed to influence formation of reactive oxygen species inside biological cells when exposed to radiofrequency radiation. [9][10][11][12] All of the aforementioned radical pair processes rely on the interaction of the spin of unpaired electrons with magnetic fields applied externally and created internally by the atomic constituents of the radicals involved. Magnetic field effects are, however, not limited to radical pairs as it has been shown how the presence of a third radical might drastically affect the spin dynamics of a multiradical system, 13,14 and the use of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds as magnetic sensors demonstrates how spin interactions with external magnetic fields can play a role even without any radicals present.…”