Disaccharide nucleosides as an important group of natural compounds

Poly(ADP-ribose): From chemical synthesis to drug design

“…The closest natural analogs of disaccharide monomeric unit of PAR are minor tRNA components-2 0 -O-b-D-ribofuranosyladenosine 5 00 -phosphate, Arp (5) and its guanosine derivative-Grp (6). [11][12][13] The structure of PAR has some similarity to the structure of nucleic acids, since antibodies against PAR can recognize RNA and DNA. 1 Therefore, proteins participating in key cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis and repair, transcription, modulation of chromatin structure can directly or indirectly interact with PAR.…”

“…9,10 Subsequent enzymatic dephosphorylation of compound 1 by alkaline phosphatase led to corresponding disaccharide nucleoside 3. 8,9,11 Compounds 2 and 4 represent the core motif of PAR branching. The common feature of compounds 1-4 is the presence of a(1 ?…”

“…To date about a hundred disaccharide nucleosides and related derivatives have been isolated from various natural sources. 2,8,11,33,34 Natural disaccharide nucleosides can be divided into three main groups according to their structure. In the first group additional ribofuranosyl residue is attached via O-glycosidic bond to adenosine or guanosine.…”

Highly regioselective glucosylation of 2′-deoxynucleosides by using the crude β-glycosidase from bovine liver

“…Such compounds were often found as minor structural elements in a variety of biopolymers such as tRNA and poly(ADP-ribose) (Efimtseva et al, 2009), although their biological roles were still obscure. Moreover, a number of biologically active disaccharide nucleosides have been isolated and characterized (Efimtseva and Mikhailov, 2004).…”

Poly(ADP-Ribose)—A Unique Natural Polymer Structural Features, Biological Role and Approaches to the Chemical Synthesis

“…[1,3] Linear segments of 20-50 units alternate with branched fragments. [1,3,10,13] The chemical structure of PAR was determined by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate bonds by phosphodiesterase with subsequent enzymatic dephosphorylation by alkaline phosphatase and further characterization of the products by NMR spectroscopy. [3,10,13] Enzymatic hydrolysis of PAR by snake venom phosphodiesterase yielded disaccharide nucleoside [11,10,13] and trisaccharide nucleoside [10] diphosphates 1 and 2 ( Figure 1).…”