Background Disaster nursing as a response to natural disasters, accidents disasters and other emergencies important areas, on a global scale in recent years received wide attention and research. This study discusses the research status and development trend of disaster nursing in the past 10 years, to provide a reference for future research and practice. Methods Literature in disaster nursing from 2013 to 2023 was searched using the Web of Science database, and CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software was used for visual analysis. Results A total of 4865 articles were retrieved, identified, and presented with a trend of steady rise. The United States has the largest number and has significant influence in the field. Disaster preparedness, disaster resilience, and disaster nursing education are the research hotspots. The combination of disaster nursing and intelligent technology will be the future research trend. Conclusion In the last 10 years, research on disaster nursing has shown a diversified and comprehensive development trend. In the future, with the continuous impact of global climate change and the increasing social demand for disaster nursing, the research and practice of disaster nursing will pay more attention to interdisciplinary cooperation, technological innovation, and humanistic care.