Discharge of solid state Li3N + TiS2 composite electrodes

Knutz, B.C.; Skaarup, Steen

doi:10.1016/0167-2738(86)90262-6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[111][112][113] The most widely utilized synthesis route is a process that reacts molten Li with flowing N 2 gas at temperatures ranging from 180-800 • C for reaction times of minutes to days. [114][115][116] While conductivity values of ∼6 × 10 −4 S cm −1 have been reported, 112 Li 3 N has a prohibitively high electronic conductivity leading to intolerable self-discharge rates, 117 as well as limited voltage stability. 118,119 Without modification, it can be utilized against the anode in conjunction with a blocking layer interfacing with the cathode.…”

Section: Materials Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[114][115][116] While conductivity values of ∼6 × 10 −4 S cm −1 have been reported, 112 Li 3 N has a prohibitively high electronic conductivity leading to intolerable self-discharge rates, 117 as well as limited voltage stability. 118,119 Without modification, it can be utilized against the anode in conjunction with a blocking layer interfacing with the cathode.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…118,119 Without modification, it can be utilized against the anode in conjunction with a blocking layer interfacing with the cathode. 116 Recent work has re-investigated the Li 3 N system with the addition of SiS 2 using a mechano-chemical synthesis approach similar to that used for the sulfide families. 120 In this work, Iio et al showed room temperature Li ion conductivity of ∼10 −4 S cm −1 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Review—Practical Challenges Hindering the Development of Solid State Li Ion Batteries

Kerman

Luntz

Viswanathan

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

605

471

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Solid state electrolyte systems boasting Li + conductivity of >10 mS cm −1 at room temperature have opened the potential for developing a solid state battery with power and energy densities that are competitive with conventional liquid electrolyte systems. The primary focus of this review is twofold. First, differences in Li penetration resistance in solid state systems are discussed, and kinetic limitations of the solid state interface are highlighted. Second, technological challenges associated with processing such systems in relevant form factors are elucidated, and architectures needed for cell level devices in the context of product development are reviewed. Specific research vectors that provide high value to advancing solid state batteries are outlined and discussed. Solid state battery systems are of great interest because of potential benefits in gravimetric and volumetric energy density, operable temperature range, and safety in comparison to traditional liquid electrolyte based systems. However, unresolved fundamental issues remain in the quest to fully understand the behavior of all-solid batteries, especially in the area of electrochemical interfaces.1 There are also a number of significant engineering challenges that require methodical effort to enable a tangible product. Some transitions from academic laboratories to entrepreneurial efforts attempting to overcome these challenges remain unsuccessful in efforts to bring a product to the market.2,3 Vital parameters that require robust understanding from a product development standpoint are material cost, cell lifetime and shelf life, cell energy density on a volumetric and gravimetric basis, operable capabilities for given temperature conditions, and safety. The advantage of energy density remains to be realized in solid state electrolytes (SSEs) since most studies to date utilize thick SSEs or cathodes with low active loading compared to liquid counterparts. 4,5 Furthermore, the desire to use SSEs in conjunction with Li metal anodes requires understanding and managing the morphology of Li metal plating, which can impact volumetric energy density. Operation at both higher and lower temperature compared to conventional technologies is a significant potential advantage of SSE systems. However, reports of solid state cells achieving parity with traditional systems at room temperature or any other temperature do not currently exist. The safety, specifically decreased flammability, of SSE systems is another potential advantage but requires ongoing validation and study.6 Unlike current liquid electrolyte systems, 7 the manufacturability and material component costs of SSEs have not been well characterized, and thus the value of these features will need to be weighed accordingly with any added cost. Operating lifetime of SSEs capturing intrinsic materials parameters such as voltage stability, 8 as well as catastrophic failure modes such as shorting, 9 have been briefly investigated, but in the absence of high energy density electrode formulations and appli...

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