Discovery, Biosynthesis, Total Synthesis, and Biological Activities of Solanapyrones: [4 + 2] Cycloaddition-Derived Polyketides of Fungal Origin

Abstract

Solanapyrones are metabolites bearing a 3,4-dehydrodecalin moiety isolated from cultures of different fungi that are associated with plant diseases. Research on solanapyrones resulted in the first report of a Diels−Alderase enzyme implicated in natural product biosynthesis related to the formation of the 3,4-dehydrodecalin core. In addition, several total syntheses of solanapyrones have been reported, which are also connected with the formation of the characteristic cycloaddition-derived 3,4dehydrodecalin moiety. This Review provides the first comprehensive overview on the chemistry, biosynthesis, and biological activities of solanapyrones under the theme of synthetic and biosynthetic research progress on cycloaddition-derived secondary metabolites.