Discovery of Elements 113–118

Abstract

Discovery and investigation of the "Island of stability" of superheavy nuclei at the separator DGFRS in the 238 U-249 Cf+ 48 Ca reactions is reviewed. The results are compared with the data obtained in chemistry experiments and at the separators SHIP, BGS, TASCA, and GARIS. The synthesis of the heaviest nuclei, their decay properties, and methods of identification are discussed and compared with the criteria that must be satisfied for claiming the discovery of a new chemical element. The role of shell effects in the stability of superheavy nuclei is demonstrated by comparison of the experimental results with empirical systematics and theoretical data. a Corresponding author: utyonkov@jinr.ru C The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0