Disease Models: Lung Models for Testing Drugs Against Inflammation and Infection

Transferring Microclusters of P. aeruginosa Biofilms to the Air–Liquid Interface of Bronchial Epithelial Cells for Repeated Deposition of Aerosolized Tobramycin

“…Even though TEER values have been significantly decreased after 72 h under repeated treatment, about 80% of E-cadherin compared to the 72 h incubated control is still present. It must, of course, be acknowledged that the lost barrier cannot be explained entirely by reducing E-cadherin, as other factors and proteins such as tight junction proteins [Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin] maintain barrier properties . Nevertheless, 89% viability of infected treated cells after 72 h indicates that measuring TEER is much more sensitive than just measuring cell viability, as continuous treatment of the biofilm-infected keeps treated cells at an acceptable viability state up to 72 h.…”

“…It must, of course, be acknowledged that the lost barrier cannot be explained entirely by reducing Ecadherin, as other factors and proteins such as tight junction proteins [Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin] maintain barrier properties. 43 Nevertheless, 89% viability of infected treated cells after 72 h indicates that measuring TEER is much more sensitive than just measuring cell viability, as continuous treatment of the biofilm-infected keeps treated cells at an acceptable viability state up to 72 h. Epithelial Cells and Air−Liquid Interface Conditions Are Critical Elements for Modeling Pulmonary Bacterial Infections. Studying infection of epithelial cells under ALI conditions has recently also been addressed by other groups.…”

Muscarinic receptor antagonists and airway inflammation: A systematic review on pharmacological models

“…By contrast, primary airway cells directly acquired from human donors are considered the gold standard to simulate pulmonary epithelia in vitro [ 80 ], as they more closely resemble the native in vivo microenvironment [ 78 ]. Major drawbacks include limited availability, a finite proliferative lifespan, and donor-donor variations [ 80 , 81 ].…”

A Monoclonal Human Alveolar Epithelial Cell Line (“Arlo”) with Pronounced Barrier Function for Studying Drug Permeability and Viral Infections

“…[ 4 ] Complex in vitro models based on human cells and tissues were raised as a potential alternative to animal experimentation because they allow to reduce the complexity of human biology to an extent that can be consistently reproduced in vitro. [ 5 ] The generation of such complex in vitro models, however, requires reliable human‐relevant cell sources as the essential building blocks, necessarily demonstrating reproducible experimental readouts in vitro.…”