Dissecting the active galactic nucleus in Circinus – II. A thin dusty disc and a polar outflow on parsec scales

Stalevski, Marko; Tristram, K. R. W.; Asmus, D.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz220

Cited by 90 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Accounting for this correction and setting R τ =1 = 5 pc, eq. (4) can be re-written aṡ Stalevski et al 2019) implies that AGN radiation pressure on dusty gas can drive an outflow of 1.7−10.5 M /yr, consistent with the observations. On the higher-luminosity end, Aalto et al (2015) presented ALMA HCN and HCO + observations of Mrk 231.…”

Section: Mass Outflow Rate From Dusty Molecular Windssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Qualitatively, the shape is expected to be hyperbolic (e.g. Venanzi et al 2019), as has been implied by radiative transfer modelling of IR interferometry (Stalevski et al 2019). This naturally leads to a hollow-cone configuration with dust confined towards the edges of the cone.…”

Section: The Dusty Molecular Wind Regionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In line with observations, these models assume that the polar component originates from a hollow cone at the edges of the ionisation region. They successfully and simultaneously reproduced the total and resolved emission in NGC3783 (Hönig & Kishimoto 2017) and the Circinus galaxy (Stalevski et al 2017(Stalevski et al , 2019. In addition, Hönig & Kishimoto (2017) noted that such models are able to qualitatively and quantitatively reproduce the distinct 3 − 5 µm bump in the SED of unobscured AGN, associating it primarily with the inner hot part of the disk component (see also González-Martín et al 2019).…”

Section: Modelling the Resolved And Unresolved Ir Emissionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In a few sources, it has been found that the resolved mid-IR component is elongated in the rough direction of the polar direction of the AGN (Hönig et al 2012(Hönig et al , 2013Tristram et al 2014;López-Gonzaga et al 2014). More precisely, the mid-IR emission is extended towards the edge of the ionisation cones (e.g López-Gonzaga et al 2016;Stalevski et al 2017;Leftley et al 2018;Stalevski et al 2019). The extended emission accounts for a significant part of the point-like source seen in most singletelescope mid-IR imaging data, reaching 60-80% in the interferometrically best-covered AGN in NGC1068, the Circinus galaxy, and NGC3783.…”

Section: Ir Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This molecular disk appears to be co-planar with the thin-disk-like mid-IR emission seen in Circinus and NGC1068. Following from principle 1, it is reasonable to assume that the observed disk-like mid-IR emission originates from the τ MIR ∼ 1 surface of this dusty molecular disk (see also Stalevski et al 2019). The mass in such a disk can be inferred to be 10% of the mass of the black hole (see Sect.…”

Section: The Geometrically Thin Molecular Disk: Vertical Density Stramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redefining the Torus: A Unifying View of AGNs in the Infrared and Submillimeter

Hönig

2019

ApJ

134

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The advent of high-angular resolution IR and sub-mm interferometry allows for spatially-resolved observations of the parsec-scale environment of active galactic nuclei (AGN), commonly referred to as the "torus." While molecular lines show the presence of large, massive disks, the IR observations appear to be dominated by a strong polar component that has been interpreted as a dusty wind. This paper aims at using characteristics shared by AGN in each of the wavebands and a set of simple physical principles to form a unifying view of these seemingly contradictory observations: Dusty molecular gas flows in from galactic scales of ∼100 pc to the sub-parsec environment via a disk with small to moderate scale height. The hot, inner part of the disk puffs up due to IR radiation pressure and unbinds a large amount of the inflowing gas from the black hole's gravitational potential, providing the conditions to launch a wind driven by the radiation pressure from the AGN. The dusty wind feeds back mass into the galaxy at a rate of the order of ∼ 0.1 − 100 M /yr, depending on AGN luminosity and Eddington ratio. Angle-dependent obscuration as required by AGN unification is provided by a combination of disk, wind, and wind launching region.

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Section: Mass Outflow Rate From Dusty Molecular Windssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: The Dusty Molecular Wind Regionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Modelling the Resolved And Unresolved Ir Emissionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Ir Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Geometrically Thin Molecular Disk: Vertical Density Stramentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Redefining the Torus: A Unifying View of AGNs in the Infrared and Submillimeter

Hönig

2019

ApJ

134

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Polarization in broad emission lines of active galactic nuclei

Shablovinskaya

Savić

2021

Astron Nachr

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We discuss the polarization of broad emission lines in the type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN). The polarization depends on the geometry of the broad line region (BLR), and also on the polarization mechanism, or distribution of the scattering material. Therefore, the polarization measurements can indicate the geometry of the BLR and the mechanism of polarization (equatorial or polar scattering).In addition, the polarization angle (PA) shape across the line profile can be used to measure the supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass, and constrain the BLR characteristics. We give an overview of ours and other recent investigations of the polarization in broad lines from both aspects: theoretical and observational.

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Cool outflows in galaxies and their implications

Veilleux

Maiolino

Bolatto

et al. 2020

Astron Astrophys Rev

420

310

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Neutral-atomic and molecular outflows are a common occurrence in galaxies, near and far. They operate over the full extent of their galaxy hosts, from the innermost regions of galactic nuclei to the outermost reaches of galaxy halos. They carry a substantial amount of material that would otherwise have been used to form new stars. These cool outflows may have a profound impact on the evolution of their host galaxies and environments. This article provides an overview of the basic physics of cool outflows, a comprehensive assessment of the observational techniques and diagnostic tools used to characterize them, a detailed description of the best-studied cases, and a more general discussion of the statistical properties of these outflows in the local and distant universe. The remaining outstanding issues that have not yet been resolved are summarized at the end of the review to inspire new research directions.

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Dissecting the active galactic nucleus in Circinus – II. A thin dusty disc and a polar outflow on parsec scales

Cited by 90 publications

References 65 publications

Redefining the Torus: A Unifying View of AGNs in the Infrared and Submillimeter

Redefining the Torus: A Unifying View of AGNs in the Infrared and Submillimeter

Polarization in broad emission lines of active galactic nuclei

Cool outflows in galaxies and their implications

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