Disseminated intravascular coagulation: a review.

Hamilton, Peter J.; Stalker, Amy; Douglas, A. S.

doi:10.1136/jcp.31.7.609

Cited by 76 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In conjunction with a lowered antithrombin 111 antigen level the hypercoagulation may predispose to thrombosis, evidenced by a rise in fibrin degradation product (Buckley ef al., 1970). Fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products may have resulted from localised fibrinolysis or cell injury and have been reported elsewhere (Donati, 1975;Hamilton et al, 1978). It is highly suggestive that a low level of intravascular coagulation begins in vivo as early as I 1 weeks of pregnancy; this has also been reported in Caucasians (Stirling et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Haemostatic trends in normal pregnancy in Chinese women

Koh

Ratnam

1989

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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Hacmostatic trends during the course of normal prcgnancy were studied in 256 Chinese women at the University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kandang Kerbau Hospital in Singapore. using 282 nonpregnant women for comparison. Fibrinogen, factor VIIIC, VIIIR:Ag, factor X and a,-antitrypsin all rose above the mean non-pregnant levels throughout pregnancy; factor I1 did not show a marked deviation whereas factor V rose in the first and second trimesters and fell to a non-pregnant level in the third trimester. Antithrombin 111 antigen was reduced throughout pregnancy, csptcially near term. Platelet count was reduced throughout pregnancy with no appreciable change in adhesiveness and a slightly more sensitive aggregation in virro to adenosine diphosphate was observed from the second trimester. Fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products were increased from 21 weeks pregnant. The findings suggest a low level of intravaxular coagulation starting in early pregnancy. T h e hypercoagulable state during the last part of pregnancy appeared to have teen minimised by increasing fibrinolytic activity. This may explain the comparatively low incidence of thrombo~mbolic discase in Chinese women in Singapore. Whole blood fibrinolytic activity in normal andhypertensive pregancies and its relation to the placental concentration of urokinase inhibitor. American Jour-no1 o j Obstetrics and Gynecology 133, 624-629. Astedt B., Isanon S., Nilsson I. M. & Pandolfi M. (1970) Fibrinolytic activity of veins during pregnancy. Act0 Obstetricio et Gynecologica Scondinovico 49, I7 1-1 73.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Haemostatic trends in normal pregnancy in Chinese women

Koh

Ratnam

1989

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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“…They are seen at the sites of intravascular coagulation and embolise to renal and pulmonary capillaries. Their association with fibrin in the microcirculation is strong evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation, whatever the stimulus (Hamilton, Stalker and Douglas, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fatal Salmonella Septicaemia with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Renal Failure

Glover

Smith

Porter

1982

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Thrombocytopenia has been reported as the most frequent finding in DIC. Thrombocytopenia is, in and of itself, however, nonspecific [ 18,20,23 Consumption of multiple clotting factors causes an increase in prothrombin time, while the combined effect of microvascular fibrin deposition and fibrin or fibrinogen degradation results in a decrease in circulating fibrinogen. Although true hypofibrinogenemia is frequently seen, an abrupt drop in circulating fibrinogen from a physiologically elevated to &dquo;normal&dquo; level is equally suggestive, especially in pregnancy or inflammatory conditions in which one would expect high fibrinogen levels [41,46,48].…”

Section: Consumptive Thrombocytopenianonimmunologicalmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The diseases implicated in the causation of severe acute DIC are legion [ 18,21,23,37,38,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. The clinical disorders most commonly associated with DIC include obstetric complications, infections, shock syndromes regardless of etiology, tissue injury due to trauma (especially brain), surgery, burns, and miscellaneous syndromes such as snake envenomation, severe acute intravascular hemolysis, heat stroke, renal transplant rejection, liver disease, and the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia.…”

Section: Consumptive Thrombocytopenianonimmunologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former condition is typified by DIC, while the latter is exemplified by, but not limited to, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Although some would argue that both syndromes should be categorized under the general rubric of &dquo;DIC&dquo; [17,18], we will limit the use of the term DIC to conditions in which coagulation factors are consumed concurrently with platelets. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation-Acute.…”

Section: Consumptive Thrombocytopenianonimmunologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrombocytopenia in the Intensive Care Unit Setting

Wittels

Siegel

Mazur

1990

J Intensive Care Med

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Thrombocytopenia is a commonly encountered labora tory abnormality in the intensive care unit setting. Al though moderate degrees of thrombocytopenia may be dismissed as clinically trivial, severe thrombocytopenia can have catastrophic consequences. This review di vides the potential pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia into three pathophysiological categories: (1) produc tive, (2) consumptive, and (3) distributional. The im portant etiologies and appropriate therapies for throm bocytopenia in each of these categories are discussed. We have attempted to emphasize the underlying patho genic mechanisms as well as highlight the diagnostic dilemmas likely to be faced by intensive care unit physi cians. Although this review stresses those thrombocyto penic disorders most likely to be encountered in the intensive care unit, chronic etiologies of thrombocy topenia are also discussed because preexistent throm bocytopenia will further complicate the care of any acutely ill intensive care unit patient.

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Disseminated intravascular coagulation: a review.

Cited by 76 publications

References 68 publications

Haemostatic trends in normal pregnancy in Chinese women

Haemostatic trends in normal pregnancy in Chinese women

Fatal Salmonella Septicaemia with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Renal Failure

Thrombocytopenia in the Intensive Care Unit Setting

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