Disseminated Nonleukemic Myeloid Sarcoma of the Spleen With Involvement of the Liver in an Infant

Abstract

Nonleukemic myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare tumor that can occur in several locations without myeloid leukemia. We reported a first case of nonleukemic MS of the spleen involving the liver in a 5-month-old boy presenting with hematochezia, petechial hemorrhage, fever, and hepatosplenomegaly. Bone marrow trephine biopsy and immunophenotypic flow cytometry revealed no evidence of myeloid leukemia. The patient underwent liver biopsy and splenectomy. Clinicopathology and immunohistochemistry suggested a disseminated nonleukemic MS. The patient died of respiratory failure on the seventh postoperative day. Early diagnosis of a disseminated nonleukemic MS may be quite important for patient survival and it should be considered one of the differential diagnoses of hepatosplenomegaly with atypical clinical features.

A case of primary nonleukemic myeloid sarcoma of the spleen, successfully treated by surgery and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

“…In AML, MS may be the first symptom, and may precede clinical disease by months or years [ 3 ]. As far as we know to date, only one case has been reported as surgical resected primary spleen MS [ 4 ]. In this report, we describe a case of primary nonleukemic MS of the spleen that was successfully treated by surgery and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.…”

Myeloid sarcoma resulting in a small bowel obstruction with multiple site involvement including ileum and appendix

“…These tumors may occur in virtually any site in the body; however, the lymph nodes, skin and central nervous system have been noted to be among the most common locations for primary MS to occur [6]. There have been few cases documented that demonstrate the presence of MS in multiple organs at presentation [6, 7]. To our knowledge, however, concomitant involvement of ileum and appendix has never been described.…”