Dissociating Prefrontal and Parietal Cortex Activation during Arithmetic Processing

Menon, Vinod; Rivera, Susan M.; White, Christopher D.; Glover, Gary H.; Reiss, Allan L.

doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0613

Cited by 380 publications

(359 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with previ- ous results that the right angular gyrus was involved in numerical processing (e.g., Cattaneo et al, 2009;Göbel et al, 2001;Keller and Menon, 2009;Menon et al, 2000). For example, Menon et al (2000) found a greater activation for three-operand arithmetic problems relative to two-operand arithmetic problems at the right angular gyrus as well as the left angular gyrus. Göbel et al (2001) applied focal repetitive TMS to investigate the hemispheric organization of a language-independent spatial representation of number magnitude.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Some studies suggest that the right parietal lobe might be involved in numerical processing (e.g., Cattaneo, Silvanto, Pascual-Leone, & Battelli, 2009;Chochon et al, 1999;R. Cohen Kadosh, K. Cohen Kadosh, Schuhmann, et al, 2007;Göbel, Walsh, & Rushworth, 2001;Keller & Menon, 2009;Menon, Rivera, White, Glover, & Reiss, 2000;Venkatramana, Ansarib, & Chee, 2005). First, fMRI studies showed number-induced activation in the brain regions around the right IPS (e.g., Chochon et al, 1999;Venkatraman et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dissociation of subtraction and multiplication in the right parietal cortex: Evidence from intraoperative cortical electrostimulation

Chen

et al. 2011

Neuropsychologia

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a b s t r a c tPrevious research has consistently shown that the left parietal cortex is critical for numerical processing, but the role of the right parietal lobe has been much less clear. This study used the intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation approach to investigate neural dissociation in the right parietal cortex for subtraction and multiplication. Results showed that multiplication (as well as picture naming) was not affected by the cortical electrical stimulation on all the targeted sites of the right parietal cortex as well as those of the right temporal cortex. In contrast, stimulation at three right parietal sites (two sites in the right inferior parietal lobule and one in the right angular gyrus) impaired performance on simple subtraction problems. This study provided the first evidence from an intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation study to show the dissociation of arithmetic operations in the right parietal cortex. This dissociation between subtraction and multiplication suggests that the right parietal cortex plays a more significant role in quantity processing (subtraction) than in verbal processing (multiplication) in numerical processing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

Dissociation of subtraction and multiplication in the right parietal cortex: Evidence from intraoperative cortical electrostimulation

Chen

et al. 2011

Neuropsychologia

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“…Moreover, these regions are activated during tasks that tax working memory demands, such as mental arithmetics, deductive reasoning and visuospatial planning (Knauff, Mulack, Kassubek, Salih, & Greenlee, 2002;Menon, Rivera, White, Glover, & Reiss, 2000;van den Heuvel et al, 2003). Damage to these regions results in a condition called dyscalculia involving deficits in mental arithmetics (Jung et al, 2001), as well as in impoverished autobiographical memories, which lack in explicit perceptual details (Berryhill, Phuong, Picasso, Cabeza, & Olson, 2007).…”

Section: Modality-independent Effects: Regions Showing Interaction Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Imagery and retrieval of auditory and visual information: Neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful performance

et al. 2011

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a b s t r a c tRemembering past events -or episodic retrieval -consists of several components. There is evidence that mental imagery plays an important role in retrieval and that the brain regions supporting imagery overlap with those supporting retrieval. An open issue is to what extent these regions support successful vs. unsuccessful imagery and retrieval processes. Previous studies that examined regional overlap between imagery and retrieval used uncontrolled memory conditions, such as autobiographical memory tasks, that cannot distinguish between successful and unsuccessful retrieval. A second issue is that fMRI studies that compared imagery and retrieval have used modality-aspecific cues that are likely to activate auditory and visual processing regions simultaneously. Thus, it is not clear to what extent identified brain regions support modality-specific or modality-independent imagery and retrieval processes. In the current fMRI study, we addressed this issue by comparing imagery to retrieval under controlled memory conditions in both auditory and visual modalities. We also obtained subjective measures of imagery quality allowing us to dissociate regions contributing to successful vs. unsuccessful imagery. Results indicated that auditory and visual regions contribute both to imagery and retrieval in a modality-specific fashion. In addition, we identified four sets of brain regions with distinct patterns of activity that contributed to imagery and retrieval in a modality-independent fashion. The first set of regions, including hippocampus, posterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex and angular gyrus, showed a pattern common to imagery/retrieval and consistent with successful performance regardless of task. The second set of regions, including dorsal precuneus, anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, also showed a pattern common to imagery and retrieval, but consistent with unsuccessful performance during both tasks. Third, left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex showed an interaction between task and performance and was associated with successful imagery but unsuccessful retrieval. Finally, the fourth set of regions, including ventral precuneus, midcingulate cortex and supramarginal gyrus, showed the opposite interaction, supporting unsuccessful imagery, but successful retrieval performance. Results are discussed in relation to reconstructive, attentional, semantic memory, and working memory processes. This is the first study to separate the neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful performance for both imagery and retrieval and for both auditory and visual modalities.

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“…To avoid this problem, we asked our calendrical calculators to perform an established mental arithmetic task (Menon et al 2000) that could be compared with normal volunteers. We then used conjunction analysis to locate regions in parietal cortex that were activated both by mental arithmetic and by calendrical calculation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do calendrical savants use calculation to answer date questions? A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Cowan

Frith

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Calendrical savants can name the weekdays for dates from different years with remarkable speed and accuracy. Whether calculation rather than just memory is involved is disputed. Grounds for doubting whether they can calculate are reviewed and criteria for attributing date calculation skills to them are discussed. At least some calendrical savants possess date calculation skills. A behavioural characteristic observed in many calendrical savants is increased response time for questions about more remote years. This may be because more remote years require more calculation or because closer years are more practised. An experiment is reported that used functional magnetic resonance imaging to attempt to discriminate between these explanations. Only two savants could be scanned and excessive head movement corrupted one savant's mental arithmetic data. Nevertheless, there was increased parietal activation during both mental arithmetic and date questions and this region showed increased activity with more remote dates. These results suggest that the calendrical skills observed in savants result from intensive practice with calculations used in solving mental arithmetic problems. The mystery is not how they solve these problems, but why.

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Dissociating Prefrontal and Parietal Cortex Activation during Arithmetic Processing

Cited by 380 publications

References 25 publications

Dissociation of subtraction and multiplication in the right parietal cortex: Evidence from intraoperative cortical electrostimulation

Dissociation of subtraction and multiplication in the right parietal cortex: Evidence from intraoperative cortical electrostimulation

Imagery and retrieval of auditory and visual information: Neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful performance

Do calendrical savants use calculation to answer date questions? A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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