Dissolution of dense non-aqueous phase liquids in vertical fractures: Effect of finger residuals and dead-end pools

Yang, Zhibing; Niemi, Auli; Fagerlund, Fritjof; Illangasekare, Tissa H.; Detwiler, R. L.

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.03.006

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Migration, entrapment, and dissolution of DNAPL source zones within fractured rocks have been studied extensively during the past few decades [ Longino and Kueper , ; Ross and Lu , ; Reynolds and Kueper , ; Detwiler et al ., ; Schaefer et al ., ; Yang et al ., ; Christensen et al ., ]. As in porous media, both residual and pooled DNAPL can exist in fractured rock [ Kueper and Davies , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐resolution experiments on chemical oxidation of DNAPL in variable‐aperture fractures

Arshadi

Rajaram

Detwiler

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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Chemical oxidation of dense nonaqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs) by permanganate has emerged as an effective remediation strategy in fractured rock. We present high-resolution experimental investigations in transparent analog variable-aperture fractures to improve understanding of chemical oxidation of residual entrapped trichloroethylene (TCE) in fractures. Four experiments were performed with different permanganate concentrations, flow rates, and initial TCE phase geometry. The initial aperture field and evolving entrapped-phase geometry were quantified for each experiment. The integrated mass transfer rate from the TCE phase for all experiments exhibited three time regimes: an early-time regime with slower mass transfer rates limited by low specific interfacial area; an intermediate-time regime with higher mass transfer rates resulting from breakup of large TCE blobs, which greatly increases specific interfacial area; and a late-time regime with low mass transfer rates due to the deposition of MnO 2 precipitates. In two experiments, mass balance analyses suggested that TCE mass removal rates exceeded the maximum upper bound mass removal rates derived by assuming that oxidation and dissolution are the only mechanisms for TCE mass removal. We propose incomplete oxidation by permanganate and TCE solubility enhancement by intermediate reaction products as potential mechanisms to explain this behavior. We also speculate that some intermediate reaction products with surfactant-like properties may play a role in lowering the TCEwater interfacial tension, thus causing breakup of large TCE blobs. Our quantitative experimental measurements will be useful in the context of developing accurate computational models for chemical oxidation of TCE in fractures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐resolution experiments on chemical oxidation of DNAPL in variable‐aperture fractures

Arshadi

Rajaram

Detwiler

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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“…In order to estimate the interfacial area, the characteristics of the trapped phase, i.e., the morphology and topology of the trapped phase clusters, need to be [19]. Interfacial area is an important parameter for the interphase mass transfer processes that are critical, e.g., to contaminant remediation problems [13,43,45].…”

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Fluid trapping during capillary displacement in fractures

Yang

Neuweiler

Méheust

et al. 2016

Advances in Water Resources

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International audienceThe spatial distribution of fluid phases and the geometry of fluid-fluid interfaces resulting from immiscible displacement in fractures cast decisive influence on a range of macroscopic flow parameters. Most importantly, these are the relative permeabilities of the fluids as well as the macroscopic irreducible saturations. They also influence parameters for component (solute) transport, as it usually occurs through one of the fluid phase only. Here, we present a numerical investigation on the critical role of aperture variation and spatial correlation on fluid trapping and the morphology of fluid phase distributions in a geological fracture. We consider drainage in the capillary dominated regime. The correlation scale, that is, the scale over which the two facing fracture walls are matched, varies among the investigated geometries between L/256 and L (self-affine fields), L being the domain/fracture length. The aperture variability is quantified by the coefficient of variation (δ), ranging among the various geometries from 0.05 to 0.25. We use an invasion percolation based model which has been shown to properly reproduce displacement patterns observed in previous experiments. We present a quantitative analysis of the size distribution of trapped fluid clusters. We show that when the in-plane curvature is considered, the amount of trapped fluid mass first increases with increasing correlation scale Lc and then decreases as Lc further increases from some intermediate scale towards the domain length scale L. The in-plane curvature contributes to smoothening the invasion front and to dampening the entrapment of fluid clusters of a certain size range that depends on the combination of random aperture standard deviation and spatial correlation

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“…Several studies on NAPLs behavior in rough-walled fractures have been conducted, which involve details on migration, residual, dissolution, removal and bioremediation of NAPLs (Yeo et al, 2003;Lee et al, 2011Lee et al, , 2013Yang et al, 2012bYang et al, , 2013aEssaid et al, 2015). The mobilization and entrapment of NAPL are controlled by many factors, including medium properties (e.g., aperture distribution and roughness of fracture walls); fluid properties (e.g., density, viscosity and interfacial tension); fluid-solid interactions (e.g., wettability); and force conditions (e.g., capillary, gravitational, buoyancy and viscous forces) White et al, 2004;Singh, 2009;Yang et al, 2012aYang et al, , 2013b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NAPL dissolution is an important process in groundwater contamination, and the NAPL-water interface is an important factor that influences the mass transfer process. Researchers have studied NAPL dissolution in porous or fractured media Dickson et al, 2003;Detwiler et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2012bYang et al, , 2013aPetri et al, 2014). NAPL dissolution in fractures is determined by fluid flow and transport around the entrapped NAPL blobs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behaviors of LNAPL migration and entrapment in a rough-walled vertical fracture

Xie

et al. 2017

Geosci J

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The migration of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) and their entrapment in unsaturated vertical fractures exhibit complex behaviors, such as upward LNAPL migration that follows water level rise. In this study, behavior of LNAPL migration and entrapment in a vertical rough-walled fracture was investigated with optical measurement. A series of experiments were preformed, including fracture drainage, LNAPL infiltration and accumulation in an unsaturated fracture, and upward LNAPL migration with water level rise. Experimental results indicate that the fracture aperture significantly influences the LNAPL migration path and entrapped blobs distribution. The LNAPL-filled aperture follows a normal distribution, with the mean aperture ranging 0.253 mm to 0.287 mm, and the standard deviation around 0.13 mm. The characteristics of the entrapment blob morphology indicate that 80% of the individual blob areas are smaller than 20 mm 2 . The irregular structures of discrete blobs increase the 'LNAPL-water' interface, which will exacerbate contamination.

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Dissolution of dense non-aqueous phase liquids in vertical fractures: Effect of finger residuals and dead-end pools

Cited by 22 publications

References 45 publications

High‐resolution experiments on chemical oxidation of DNAPL in variable‐aperture fractures

High‐resolution experiments on chemical oxidation of DNAPL in variable‐aperture fractures

Fluid trapping during capillary displacement in fractures

The behaviors of LNAPL migration and entrapment in a rough-walled vertical fracture

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