Distinct serum and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine and chemokine profiles in autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases

Hofer, Livia Sophie; Mariotto, Sara; Wurth, Sebastian; Ferrari, Sérgio; Mancinelli, Chiara; Delogu, Rachele; Monaco, Salvatore; Gajofatto, Alberto; Schwaiger, Carmen; Rostásy, Kevin; Deisenhammer, Florian; Höftberger, Romana; Berger, Thomas; Reindl, Markus

doi:10.1177/2055217319848463

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The composition of CSF is close to that of serum, albeit with slightly different electrolyte levels and considerably lower protein concentration 27 . Recent studies have accurately determined the levels of proteins particularly cytokines including chemokine in both serum and CSF using an ELISA-like method, indicating that such tests can be used with both sample types 28 . Although diagnostic laboratory tests in CSF were only recently standardized, they are now sufficiently accurate to contribute to the diagnosis of conditions that compromise the blood-brain barrier, including MS and Alzheimer’s disease 29 , 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: A Surrogate Marker of the Activity of Multiple Sclerosis

Sharquie

Gawwam

Abdullah

2020

MMJ

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Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder with various clinical types. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is significantly elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS patients compared with that of healthy controls. The aim of this study is to evaluate serum levels of GFAP in relation to disease activity in relapsing-remitting MS patients and to compare them with those of healthy controls. Method: This study involved 58 MS patients of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) type, 22 in an active stage of the disease and 36 in remission, and 50 healthy individuals as age-and sexmatched controls. Blood samples were taken from the patients at the MS Clinic of the Baghdad Teaching Hospital, and the serum levels of GFAP were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results: Mean GFAP serum levels in 22 patients presenting in the active state of the disease (6.47±3.39 ng/ml) and 36 cases in remission were (5.33±2.82 ng/ml) (p=0.074) were determined as indicated. When RRMS patients (n=58) were compared with the healthy controls (n=50, 1.89±1.21), the difference in serum levels of GFAP was statistically significant (p<0.001). The area under the curve of the serum measures of GFAP obtained through the receiver operating characteristics was 0.903, which was also statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: GFAP biomarker is an indicator of disease activity in RRMS patients, and its serum level may correlate with the state of remission or exacerbation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: A Surrogate Marker of the Activity of Multiple Sclerosis

Sharquie

Gawwam

Abdullah

2020

MMJ

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“…6 So far, only case reports were available on the neuropathology associated with MOG-IgG in patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases (reviewed The importance of T-cell mediated inflammation was recently confirmed in two studies analysing serum and CSF cytokine and chemokine profiles in MOG-IgG positive patients. 143,144 Both studies demonstrated that the CSF cytokine and chemokine profile associated with MOG-IgG is similar to AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD and distinct from MS. The inflammatory profile is characterized by coordinated upregulation of T helper 17 and other cytokines, particularly of interleukin-6.…”

Section: Pathology and Pathophysiology Of Mog-igg Associated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in MOG-IgG associated neurological disorders

Hegen

Reindl

2020

Ther Adv Neurol Disord

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In the past few years, acquired demyelinating syndromes of the central nervous system associated with antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have evolved into a new inflammatory disease entity distinct from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders or multiple sclerosis. The meticulous clinical description of patients with MOG IgG antibodies (MOG-IgG) has been achieved by development and use of highly specific cell-based assays. MOG-IgG associated disorders comprise a wide spectrum of syndromes ranging from acute disseminated encephalomyelitis predominantly in children to optic neuritis or myelitis mostly in adults. In recent studies, phenotype of MOG-IgG associated disorders has further broadened with the description of cases of brainstem encephalitis, encephalitis with seizures and overlap syndromes with other types of autoimmune encephalitis. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge of MOG-IgG associated disorders, describe the clinical presentations identified, highlight differences from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis, summarize clinical outcome and concepts of immune treatment, depict the underlying mechanisms of antibody pathogenicity and provide the methodological essentials of MOG-IgG assays.

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“…Numerous studies indicate that sera from MS patients have elevated levels of IL-6. However, studies suggest no quantitative change compared to control groups or only minor signs [9][10][11]. During relapses and in association with existing neurological impairment, the serum of MS patients with relapsing-remitting disease has elevated IL-6 [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To Study the Relationship between the Expression of MiR-21, MiR-155, Mir-182, and Mir-437 and Inflammatory Factors in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Karamad¹,

Söğütlü²,

Abbasi³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) affect the differentiation and function of inflammatory cells. In addition, miRNAs can regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in neuron cells. Therefore, the relationship between the expression of miRNAs and inflammatory markers in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with multiple sclerosis was investigated.Methods: RT-PCR determined the expression levels of MiR-21, MiR-155, Mir-182, and Mir-437 in CSF samples from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and the control group. The levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL -1β, IL -6, and TNF-α in CSF were measured by ELISA. The level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured by the quantitative turbidometric technique.Results: The expression of miRNAs and inflammatory factors were higher in the CSF of patients with MS than in the control group, and this difference was significant (P <0.05). The results of Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis show that the area under the curve was obtained for miRNA-21 (AUC = 0.97, P <0.0001), miRNA-182 (AUC = 0.97, P <0.0001), and miRNA-155 (AUC = 0.96, P <0.0001). The highest rate of correct diagnoses of MS was associated with miRNA-155 in CSF. The relationship between inflammatory cytokines and miRNA-21, miRNA-155, and miRNA-182 was statistically significant, but there was an indirect and moderate correlation between miRNA-437 and hs-CRP, which were also statistically significant.Conclusion: Our results showed that the CSF levels of IL -1β, IL -6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP, and selected miRNAs, serve as biomarkers of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and neurodegenerative processes in patients with MS.

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Distinct serum and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine and chemokine profiles in autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: A Surrogate Marker of the Activity of Multiple Sclerosis

Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: A Surrogate Marker of the Activity of Multiple Sclerosis

Recent developments in MOG-IgG associated neurological disorders

To Study the Relationship between the Expression of MiR-21, MiR-155, Mir-182, and Mir-437 and Inflammatory Factors in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

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