Distressing Visual Hallucinations after Treatment with Trazodone

Santos, Gustavo Alvarenga Oliveira; Moreira, Ana Maria Maniero

doi:10.1155/2017/6136914

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“… 33 , 34 Additionally, trazodone can cause an increase in residual morning sedation and suicidal thoughts, explaining its assignment to the “weak against” category in the VA/DoD guideline and its lack of recommendations in both the 2016 ACP and 2017 AASM guidelines. 4 A 2017 case report from Santos et al 35 describes a 60-year-old man developing distressing visual hallucinations 2 days after starting trazodone 100 mg, which promptly resolved after discontinuation. In 2018, Sarwar et al 36 report a case of an elderly patient developing bradykinetic parkinsonism after taking trazodone 100 mg with symptoms completely reversing after withdrawal.…”

Section: Insomnia Pharmacotherapy and Adverse Effects Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in chronic insomnia: A review of clinical guidelines and case reports

Del Rio Verduzco,

Salari,

Haghparast

2023

Mental Health Clinician

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Introduction Chronic insomnia affects 5% to 10% of the US population, increasing the demand for treatment options and the corresponding research to prove their validity.1 This review compares recommendations from 3 clinical guidelines and summarizes hypnotic medications, including their newly reported side effects not mentioned in the guidelines. In addition, we aim to provide an overview of what pharmacotherapies are available for prescribers and patients. Methods A literature search was conducted for articles published prior to January 10, 2022, and case reports and clinical studies were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar. Results Definitive conclusions cannot be drawn regarding the safety and efficacy of medications reviewed; however, trends are apparent. All 3 guidelines included in this review remarked most treatment recommendations as weak except for cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, which is effective but not readily available. Furthermore, based on the 15 case reports and 13 clinical studies presented in this review, many of the medications used for treatment of insomnia present safety concerns. Discussion Benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine receptor agonists are commonly used hypnotic agents with the “Z-drugs” having robust data establishing their efficacy for the short-term treatment of chronic insomnia. However, significant adverse effects related to the central nervous system (CNS), including developing tolerance, addiction, CNS depression, and amnesia, remain barriers to their long-term use. In comparison, newer agents present more favorable side-effect profiles although with less established efficacy. Additionally, off-label agents, including antidepressants, antihistamines, and natural supplements, are discussed due to their prominent use.

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Section: Insomnia Pharmacotherapy and Adverse Effects Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in chronic insomnia: A review of clinical guidelines and case reports

Del Rio Verduzco,

Salari,

Haghparast

2023

Mental Health Clinician

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“…It is because the interactions between trazodone and hERG potassium channels [28]. There is a special case that one patient had distressing visual hallucinations after taking trazodone [29]. But it is a unique situation.…”

Section: Trazodonementioning

confidence: 99%

The Development and Mechanism of Treatment of Depression

Chang¹,

Kuang²,

Liu³

2022

HSET

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Depression is a serious mental disorder that influence about 280 million people around the world. The risk factors that may cause depression include both genetic and environmental factors. Researchers have been long searching for treatments to depression. Patients with symptoms of depression are always treated by both psychic interventions and medical treatments. Although the underlying pathophysiology of depression is remained unclear, neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, are proved to be related to the symptoms of depression by clinical experiments. The first two antidepressants were iproniazid (classified as a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor), and imipramine (classified as a tricyclic antidepressant) in 1950s. More antidepressants using different mechanisms and with fewer side-effect and safety concerns were developed later. People divided those antidepressants into three categories by the order of development: 1) first-generation antidepressants, 2) second-generation antidepressants, and 3) third-generation antidepressants. Due to immature technology, drugs in the first-generation generally have more serious side-effect, more safety concerns, and more restrictions. Thus, second-generation antidepressants, which typically have less side-effect, are now more common in controlling the symptoms of depression. The third-generation antidepressants are still in development, but designed to be more effective with less side-effect. The paper reviews the medical treatments of depression in the order of these three generations.

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