Distribution and expression of macrolide resistance genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci

Gatermann, Sören; Koschinski, T.; Friedrich, Susanne

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01749.x

Cited by 78 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The resistance to macrolides and tetracycline may occur due to several mechanisms in addition to efϐlux pump, such as modiϐication enzymes and ribosome protection (Butaye et al 2003, Gatermann et al 2007, Hassan et al 2007). The results showed high resistance rates against erythromycin in S. caprae (43%), S. epidermidis (43%), and in other non-identiϐied CNS (56%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possible differences in phenotypic and genotypic resistance to erythromycin may be explained by other unidentiϐied macrolide resistance mechanisms which are common in CNS isolates (Fiebelkorn et al 2003). These are ultimately related to geographic location and therapeutic drug usage (Pitkälä et al 2004, Gatermann et al 2007). The presence of two or more antimicrobial resistance genes may be associated with multidrug resistant Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. from small ruminant mastitis in Brazil

et al. 2012

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(8) The study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns and to identify molecular resistance markers in Staphylococcus spp. (n=210) isolated from small ruminant mastitis in Brazil. The antimicrobial resistance patterns were evaluated by the disk diffusion test and by detection of the presence of mecA, blaZ, ermA, ermB, ermC and msrA genes by PCR. The efϐlux pump test was performed using ethidium bromide and bioϐilm production was determined by Congo red agar test along with PCR for detection of the icaD gene. The isolates were most resistant to amoxicillin (50.0%), streptomycin (42.8%), tetracycline (40.4%), lincomycin (39.0%) and erythromycin (33.8%). Pan-susceptibility to all tested drugs was observed in 71 (33.8%) isolates and 41 Staphylococcus isolates were positive for the efϐlux pump. Although phenotypic resistance to oxacillin was observed in 12.8% of the isolates, none harbored the mecA gene. However, 45.7% of the isolates harbored blaZ indicating that beta-lactamase production was the main mechanism associated with staphylococci resistance to beta-lactams in the present study. The other determinants of resistance to antimicrobial agents ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA were observed in 1.4%, 10.4%, 16.2%, and 0.9% of the isolates, respectively. In addition, the icaD gen was detected in 32.9% of the isolates. Seventy three isolates (54 from goats and 19 from sheep) were negative for all resistance genes tested and 69 isolates presented two or more resistance genes. Association among blaZ, ermA, ermB, ermC and efϐlux pump were observed in 17 isolates, 14 of which originated from goats and three from sheep. The data obtained in this study show the resistance of the isolates to beta-lactamics, which may be associated with the use of antimicrobial drugs without veterinary control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. from small ruminant mastitis in Brazil

et al. 2012

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“…A diferença de resistência fenotípica e genotípica à eritromicina pode ser explicada por algum outro mecanismo de resistência a macrolídeos ainda não estudado que pode ser usual em isolados de SCN (FIEBELKORN et al, 2003). A ocorrência de outros mecanismos de resistência para eritromicina são relacionadas com variações quanto à localização geográfica e uso terapêutico destes fármacos (GATERMANN; KOSCHINSKI;FRIEDRICH, 2007;PITKÄLÄ et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Este gene é de fundamental importância, pois está relacionado com o mecanismo de bomba de efluxo, que favorece a resistência aos macrolídeos e tetraciclina. Todavia, outros mecanismos, como enzimas de modificação e proteção ribossômica, também podem contribuir para o aumento da resistência que os microorganismos apresentam a alguns antimicrobianos (GATERMANN; KOSCHINSKI; FRIEDRICH, 2007;HASSAN;SKURRAY;BROWN, 2007). Neste estudo, apenas um isolado foi produtor de bomba de efluxo, porém, quatro foram considerados positivos para o gene msrA.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Caracterização fenotípica e molecular de isolados de Staphylococcus spp. obtidos de leite de ovelhas do Município de Chapecó-SC

et al. 2013

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ResumoO presente trabalho teve como objetivos determinar o perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos e avaliar a presença de mecanismos de resistência antimicrobiana em Staphylococcus spp. (n=36) isolados de mastite em ovelhas do município de Chapecó-SC. O potencial para produção de biofilme foi determinado pelos testes fenotípicos de Agar Vermelho Congo, DAPI e Violeta de Genciana e por teste molecular pela técnica de PCR para a detecção do gene icaD. Para determinar o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos, foi realizado o teste de difusão em disco e detecção dos genes de resistência blaZ, mecA, erm (A, B e C) e msrA. O teste da bomba de efuxo foi realizado através do crescimento das culturas em Agar Muller Hinton contendo brometo de etídio. Os resultados mostraram que 1 (2,78%), 36 (100%) e 10 (27,78%) isolados foram considerados produtores de biofilme pelos testes de Agar Vermelho Congo, DAPI e Violeta de Genciana, respectivamente, enquanto que o gene icaD foi observado em apenas 2 (5,55%) isolados. O menor percentual de sensibilidade foi observado para ampicilina (58,33%) e penicilina (58,33%). Os isolados avaliados foram positivos para os genes de resistência blaZ (58,33%) e msrA (11,11%). Nenhum isolado apresentou os genes de resistência erm (A, B, C) e apenas uma amostra foi positiva para o teste da bomba de efluxo. Palavras-chave: Mastite, ovinos, genes de resistência, bomba de efluxo, biofilme, PCR AbstractThis study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and to assess the presence of mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus spp. (n=36) isolated from mastitis in sheep's Chapecó-SC. The potential for biofilm production was determined by phenotypic tests of Congo Red Agar, DAPI and Gentian Violet and by PCR for the detection of icaD gene. To evaluate the antimicrobial resistance testing was performed disk diffusion and detection of resistance genes blaZ, mecA, ermA, ermB and ermC and msrA also performed by PCR.The pump test was conducted by efuxo crop growth Muller Hinton agar containing ethidium bromide. The results showed that 1 (2,78%), 36 (100%) and

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“…Bacteriol., 8 (3): 48-61, 2015 accounted for 54% of similar incidence in infants (Vergnano et al, 2011). The occurrence of CoNS have also been commonly associated with various medical devices such as prosthetic valves, cerebrospinal fluid shunts as well as intravascular, urinary and dialysis catheters (Chaudhury and Kumar, 2007;De Allori et al, 2006;Gatermann et al, 2007;Koksal et al, 2009;Rasigade et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci by SodA Gene Sequence Analysis

Abdul-Aziz¹,

Mohamad²,

Abdullah³

2015

Current Research in Bacteriology

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A total number of 50 internal sodA gene sequences with 416 nucleotides was analyzed to determine the discriminative power of the gene for the identification of the Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS). The mean similarity between these CoNS species was found to be 80.4% indicating a good discriminative power although low sequence divergence was observed between some of the species. The relatedness between these staphylococcal species was further explored by constructing phylogenetic analysis. Six clusters was revealed, with four of these supported by significant bootstrap values of >95% while the other two clusters were less robustly supported at bootstrap values of about 92%. Following that, the identification of 200 clinical isolates of CoNS isolates were determined phenotypically by a commercial diagnostic kit and also genotypically using the sodA gene sequencing method. The Microgen Staph ID was found to be quite reliable for commonly isolated clinical CoNS species e.g., S. capitis subsp. capitis, S. haemolyticus and a majority of the S. epidermidis isolates. However, for the less commonly encountered species, the kit was unreliable. Identification by sodA sequencing method was found to be more reliable with homology values of at least 98%. However, like other nucleotide sequence based identification, the discriminative power of sodA at subspecies level was poor whereby the final identification had to be supplemented with biochemical tests.

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Distribution and expression of macrolide resistance genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci

Cited by 78 publications

References 30 publications

Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. from small ruminant mastitis in Brazil

Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. from small ruminant mastitis in Brazil

Caracterização fenotípica e molecular de isolados de Staphylococcus spp. obtidos de leite de ovelhas do Município de Chapecó-SC

Identification of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci by SodA Gene Sequence Analysis

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