Distribution pattern of mercury in the Slovenian soil: Geochemical mapping based on multiple geochemical datasets

Gosar, Mateja; Šajn, Robert; Teršič, Tamara

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2016.05.005

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Distribution of mercury in Slovenian soil based on soil sampling in a 5 × 5 km grid confirms the significant contribution of mining and ore processing in the Idrija mercury mine to the Hg contents in soil at the regional scale (after Gosar et al, ) [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In the town of Idrija (Figure ), mercury ore was mined and processed for five centuries until 1995. These activities caused an unprecedented legacy of mercury contamination in the wider Idrija area (Teršič & Gosar, ; Gosar et al, ; Table ). Sediments of the rivers Idrijca and Soča/Isonzo, which drain the contaminated area, are enriched with mercury, and they transport large amounts of Hg‐loaded material towards the Gulf of Trieste in the northern Adriatic Sea.…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gaseous and particulate matter emissions were the major cause of creating the geochemical halo around Idrija, where the areas of highest Hg levels in soil are limited to the valley floor, and not on the surrounding hills (Gosar et al, ). Models of the spatial distribution of mercury in Slovenian soils show that the influence of atmospheric Hg emissions from Idrija can be detected on a regional scale (Gosar et al, ; Figure ).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), which lead to changes in the chemical composition of the natural environment. Although minerals are naturally present in the environment due to outcrop weathering and erosion, mining and related activities can produce increased levels of certain elements in the environment that exceed natural levels up to 1,000‐times (Gosar, Šajn, & Teršič, ; Gosar & Žibret, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of mining and smelting activities on environment and landscape degradation—Slovenian case studies

et al. 2018

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This paper provides an overview of the physical and chemical landscape changes that have occurred at four reference sites due to historical mining and smelting activities within Slovenia, and their comparison with similar sites around the World. Literature review has been made with the intention to identify major pollutant sources, its dispersion control factors, and effects. The four reference sites are Idrija, with more than 500‐year Hg mining and ore smelting history, the Meža Valley, also with a 500‐year PbZn mining and smelting history, the Celje area where Zn was smelted for 100 years and the Drava River alluvial plain, which is contaminated because of historical PbZn mining upstream. Based on the comparison between the four abovementioned reference sites and similar sites around the world that are situated in different landscapes and climates, we identified major sources of contamination, which are the erosion of mine and ore processing wastes, and atmospheric emissions of metal‐containing particles from smelters. In the first case, major control factors are rainfall pattern and river gradient, controlling erosion and sediment deposition patterns. In the second case, the prevailing control factors are topography and the dominant wind directions.

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Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of mining and smelting activities on environment and landscape degradation—Slovenian case studies

et al. 2018

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“…Žibret & Šajn (2008) determined the levels of 41 elements in the topsoil (0-5 cm) from Celje and near surroundings at 38 locations, Bavec et al (2015) determined the levels of 10 elements in Idrija top-(0-10 cm) and subsoil (10-20 cm) at 45 locations. GOSaR et al (2016) determined the Hg levels in Slovenian topsoil (0-10 cm) at 817 locations. GaBeRŠek and GOSaR (2017) determined the levels of 65 elements in Maribor topsoil (0-10 cm) at 118 locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical baseline for chemical elements in top- and subsoil of Idrija

Bavec¹

2017

Geologija

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This study is a continuation of our previous study (Bavec et al., 2015), where the geochemical baseline levels of potentially harmful elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in Idrija top-and subsoil (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm) at 45 locations were reported. Here we summarise our previous work and present baseline levels of additional 33 elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Ce, Cs, Fe, Ga, Hf, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Nb, P, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, Y and Zr) in order to round off the first systematic geochemical survey of soil in Idrija town and establish a data set of soil elements, which will serve as a baseline for monitoring future changes in the soil chemical composition of the studied area.The baseline levels were determined after aqua regia digestion, their statistical distribution was examined and the medians were compared to the recently established European grazing land and Maribor urban soil medians. To investigate relationships between elements, a correlation-matrix-based hierarchical clustering method was performed and the spatial distribution of their highest levels was examined. The results showed that in general, the median levels of elements in Idrija soil are mostly similar or slightly higher than in European and Maribor soil, with exception of Hg. Elements Al, Bi, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Ga, Hf, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Nb, Ni, Rb, S, Sc, Th, Ti, Tl, V, Y and Zr are enriched in the rural surroundings, while elements Ag, Ba, Cu, Hg, P, Pb, Se, Sb, Sn and Zn are enriched only partly in the rural surroundings, but mostly in the urban part of the study area. It is assumed that elements, which are enriched only in the rural surroundings, are of natural origin, while elements, which are enriched also in the urban area, are to a certain extent influenced by anthropogenic activities. IzvlečekPredstavljena študija je nadaljevanje preteklih raziskav (Bavec et al., 2015), kjer smo obravnavali vrednosti geokemičnega ozadja potencialno škodljivih elementov (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb in Zn) v zgornjem in spodnjem (0-10 cm in 10-20 cm) sloju tal Idrije na 45. lokacijah. V članku povzemamo prejšnje preiskave in obravnavamo geokemična ozadja dodatnih 33 elementov (Ag, Al, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Ce, Cs, Fe, Ga, Hf, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Nb, P, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, Y in Zr) z namenom, da bi zaokrožili prve sistematične geokemične raziskave tal v mestu Idrija, ter da bi vzpostavili nabor podatkov o elementih v tleh, ki bodo služili kot osnova za spremljanje prihodnjih sprememb v kemijski sestavi tal na preiskovanem območju.Vrednosti ozadja smo določili po razklopu z zlatotopko, preiskali njihovo statistično porazdelitev in primerjali ugotovljene mediane z medianami elementov v evropskih pašniških in mariborskih mestnih tleh, ki so bile vzpostavljene nedavno. Z namenom, da bi prepoznali povezave med elementi, smo uporabili metodo hierarhičnega razvrščanja na podlagi korelacijske matrike in ugotavljali prostorsko porazdelitev najvišjih vrednosti elementov. Rezultati...

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Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition Reaction of the Mercury Jarosite in NaOH Medium

Ordoñez

Flores

Patiño

et al. 2017

Int. J. Chem. Kinet.

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This work presents the kinetic study of the decomposition in NaOH medium of mercury jarosite whose approximate formula is [Hg 0.39 (H 3 O) 0.22 ]Fe 2.71 (SO 4 ) 2.17 (OH) 4.79 (H 2 O) 2.09 . The reaction progress takes place on the surface of the compound with diffusion of the hydroxyl ions (OH − ) from the solution to the particle surface moving the reaction front toward the interior of the particle, with the release of ions SO 4 2and Hg 2+ from the core to the reaction medium. The decomposition curve can be described by three kinetics stages: an induction period followed by a progressive conversion period and ending the reaction in the stabilization zone. The results of X−ray diffraction showed that as the decomposition reaction progresses the partially decomposed solids lost its crystallinity ending as amorphous solids. For the induction period, the reaction order (n) was 0.52 for [OH − ] < 0.0187 mol L −1 and when [OH − ] > 0.0187 mol L −1 n = 1.48, whereas the calculated activation energy (E a ) was 81.7 kJ mol −1 . For the progressive conversion period n = 0.99 for [OH − ] > 0.0057 mol L −1 and for lower concentrations n 0, with E a = 56.9 kJ mol −1 , confirming that the decomposition process is controlled by the chemical reaction. Based on the calculated kinetic parameters, the partial

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Distribution pattern of mercury in the Slovenian soil: Geochemical mapping based on multiple geochemical datasets

Cited by 35 publications

References 56 publications

Impacts of mining and smelting activities on environment and landscape degradation—Slovenian case studies

Impacts of mining and smelting activities on environment and landscape degradation—Slovenian case studies

Geochemical baseline for chemical elements in top- and subsoil of Idrija

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition Reaction of the Mercury Jarosite in NaOH Medium

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