Distribution, Source and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(oid)s in Water, Sediments, and Corbicula Fluminea of Xijiang River, China

Huang, Xiao; Luo, Dinggui; Li, Ning; Xiao, Tangfu; Liu, Jingyong; Wei, Lezhang; Liu, Yu; Liu, Lirong; Liu, Guowei

doi:10.3390/ijerph16101823

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The prevalence of Pb in water resources stems from the use of leaded gasoline and lead-based paints and thoughtless dumping of dead car lead acid accumulators [63][64][65]. Lead is a toxic nonessential trace metal and the concentrations found in R. Nyamwamba may be harmful to humans when ingested [66].…”

Section: Seasonal Variations In Physicochemical Parameters Of Water I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Quality and Health Risks Associated with Use of Water from Nyamwamba River, Kasese, Western Uganda

Masereka

Byamugisha

Adaku

2022

AJACR

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Aim: In Kasese district of Western Uganda, farmers cultivating near Nyamwamba River (NR) experience crop wilting whenever the river banks burst. Increased cases of cancer and ulcers in the district is anecdotally blamed on ingestion of contaminated water from water resources polluted by tailings from Kilembe copper mines. Sand miners attested that mining in NR caused body irritations and itching while drinking water from the same river results in abdominal complications in infants. The aim of this study was to assess the seasonal variations in the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals (HMs) content of water from NR, and the associated health risks. Place and Duration of Study: The experiments were done at the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda from 2018 to 2019. Methodology: This study employed quantitative research design. Water was sampled from down, middle and upstream of NR and Mubuku River, Western Uganda during the dry and wet seasons. The samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters (pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended soils) and HMs: chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and copper (Cu) by atomic absorption spectrometry. The estimated daily intake (EDI), target harzard quotient (THQ) and cancer risks were calculated to explore if there are any carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks that could arise from ingestion and dermal contact with water from NR. Results: Most physicochemical parameters of the water samples only met WHO guidelines for drinking water in the upstream. The mean concentration of Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd and As were 0.90-29.66 mg/L, 0.21-10.74 mg/L, 0.40-8.21 mg/L, 1.10-13.47 mg/L, 0.79-13.47 mg/L, 0.05-1.40 mg/L and 0.22-4.34 mg/L, respectively. Wet season recorded higher HMs concentrations when compared to the dry season, with all its samples exceeding the WHO guidelines for drinking water. There was an extremely high concentration of HMs in the upstream samples than expected. Health risk assessment indicated that the EDI through dermal contact ranged from 0.015 to 4.150 mg/kg/day while through ingestion of contaminated water, the values ranged from 0.008 × 10-6 to 38.266 × 10-6 mg/Lday. Some of the EDI doses were higher than corresponding reference doses for ingestion and contact with the HMs in water. THQ and total THQ exceeded 1 while cancer risk values were beyond the US EPA cancer risk borderline. Conclusion: This study revealed that there are serious non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks that could arise from consumption and contact with water from NR. Future studies should examine the relationship between the occurrence of trace metals in food stuffs with cancer, ulcers and other associated diseases in the area.

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Section: Seasonal Variations In Physicochemical Parameters Of Water I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Quality and Health Risks Associated with Use of Water from Nyamwamba River, Kasese, Western Uganda

Masereka

Byamugisha

Adaku

2022

AJACR

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“…This has been demonstrated by the Environment Agency of England and Wales in the rivers that flow through old mining districts in the United Kingdom, where after more than 4000 years, the rivers have been contaminated by lead, zinc and copper and many other metals and metalloids, including iron, tin, arsenic and silver, from dumpsites and tailings dams that have contributed solid contaminants to live-bed channels and floodplains of the rivers for decades after their closure [2,[4][5][6]. This has been equally evident in other mining districts of the world [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect is manifested with greater intensity in the fine fraction of the sediment, composed of clay and silt with particle sizes below 63 µm [13], generally by the metalloids associated with the minerals that had been mined. To determine this impact, the measured contents are compared with the geochemical background values and with the maximum allowable levels established for the regulations of the region and/or country using statistical methods and contamination indices [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal(loid)s Transport in Hydrographic Networks of Mining Basins: The Case of the La Carolina Mining District (Southeast Spain)

et al. 2020

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This study analyses the distribution of the total metal(loid)s content accumulated in the sediments of the Grande River, the most important river course that runs through the old mining district of La Carolina (Jaén, Spain), whose waters are collected in an urban supply reservoir. In total, 102 sediments samples were taken along the river, 51 in the live-bed channel and another 51 in the floodplain. The samples analysed have high metal(loid)s content, sometimes much higher than the reference levels established by European and regional legislation for soils, especially Pb, As and Ba, with average values of 5452 mg/kg, 116 mg/kg and 2622 mg/kg, respectively. The statistical analysis of the values obtained allows the distribution of the contents of the different elements along the river to be characterized and the associations and dispersion patterns in the sediments of the metal(loid)s coming from the environmental liabilities of the numerous dumpsites and tailings dams generated by mining activity to be defined. In both cases, the high metal(loid)s content identified as well as the resulting values of various environmental indices (the enrichment factor, contamination factor, geoaccumulation index, potential ecological risk index and pollution load index), confirmed that the sediment samples were moderately to highly contaminated over extensive areas of the basin studied, with the greatest intensity and extent in the floodplain sediments.

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“…Several studies have shown the presence of OC in Corbicula in freshwater [8][9] [10] meanwhile other studies have recorded the concentration of OC in the lake waters [11]. Because of their relatively sedentary lifestyle [12] and easy to collect [10]., Corbicula could be an useful bioindicator for monitoring OC. The goal of our study was to determine the level of organochlorine residues in surface water and the mussel Corbicula sumatrana of Lake Singkarak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of organochlorine residues in surface water and mussel Corbicula sumatrana from Lake Singkarak, West Sumatera

Ibrahim

Syawal

Ardiwinata³

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Organochlorine is a synthetic pesticide that has been banned in many countries because of its high persistence in the environment and can accumulate in animals. The goal of our study was to determine the level of organochlorine residues in surface water and in the mussel Corbicula sumatrana of Lake Singkarak. Water and mussel samples were collected from 10 sampling sites of Lake Singkarak, Batu Taba, Sumpur, Guguk Malalo, Ombilin, Tikalak, Sumani, Saniang Baka, Muaro Pingai, Paninggahan, and Tanjung Mutuih, respectively in June 2021. Water and mussel samples were extracted and analyzed with gas chromatography. The result of our study revealed the occurrence of Lindan (7 μg/L) in the surface water of Tikalak, and also Aldrin (3 μg/L) in the surface water of Tikalak, Sumani, and Ombilin. Organochlorine residue compounds were also detected in mussels of five sampling sites (Tikalak, Sumani, Muaro Pingai, Paninggahan, and Tanjung Mutuih). Mussels of Tikalak contain compounds namely Dieldrin, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and Endosulfan with levels of 2 μg/kg, 6 μg/kg, and 3 μg/kg, respectively. Dieldrin was also detected at Sumani (2 μg/kg), Muaro Pingai (4 μg/kg), and Paninggahan (10 μg/kg). DDT was also detected at Tanjung Mutuih at a level of 3 μg/kg. Other compounds such as Heptachlor and Endrin were not detected both in surface water and in mussel from all sampling sites studied. The results indicate that organochlorine residue can still be found in the environment, with its level in mussels being higher than in surface water.

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Distribution, Source and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(oid)s in Water, Sediments, and Corbicula Fluminea of Xijiang River, China

Cited by 30 publications

References 63 publications

Physicochemical Quality and Health Risks Associated with Use of Water from Nyamwamba River, Kasese, Western Uganda

Physicochemical Quality and Health Risks Associated with Use of Water from Nyamwamba River, Kasese, Western Uganda

Metal(loid)s Transport in Hydrographic Networks of Mining Basins: The Case of the La Carolina Mining District (Southeast Spain)

Occurrence of organochlorine residues in surface water and mussel Corbicula sumatrana from Lake Singkarak, West Sumatera

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