Distribution study of Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes in symptomatic patients in Buenos Aires, Argentina: association between genotype E and neonatal conjunctivitis

Abstract

BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis infections are the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infections in the world. There is scarce data available referring to the distribution of C. trachomatis genotypes in Argentina. The aim of this study was to identify the genotypes of C. trachomatis circulating in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (Argentina) associated with ophthalmia neonatorum and genital infections.FindingsFrom 2001 to 2006, 199 positive samples for C. trachomatis infection from symptomatic adult patients and neonates with ophthalmia neonatorum from two public hospitals were studied. C. trachomatis genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP of an ompA fragment.Genotype E was the most prevalent regardless of the sample origin (46.3% 57/123 in adults and 72.4% 55/76 in neonates), followed by genotype D (19.5% 24/123) and F (14.6% 18/123) in adults, and G (9.2% 7/76) and D (7.9% 6/76) in neonates. We detected a significantly higher frequency of genotype E (p < 0.001, OR = 3.03 (1.57<OR<5.90)) in ophthalmia neonatorum than in genital specimens. Genotype D was associated with genital localization (p < 0.05, OR = 2.83 (1.03<OR<8.18)).ConclusionWe found a particularly increased frequency of C. trachomatis genotype E in neonatal conjunctivitis, which may indicate an epidemiological association between this genotype and the newborn population. The present study also contributed to increase the knowledge on genotype distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic adult patients in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in which genotypes E, D and F were the predominant ones.

Prevalence and genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic male patients from Istanbul, Turkey

“…The five C. trachomatis genotypes were identified to be genotype E (n = 20, 36.4 %) as the most prevalent, followed by G (n = 13, 23.6 %), H (n = 12, 21.8 %), D (n = 9, 16.4 %) and F (n = 1, 1.8 %) (Table 2 ). The predominance of genotype E is in line with previous studies on different patient groups (Taheri Beni et al 2010 , Ngandjio et al 2003 , Gallo Vaulet et al 2010 , Mejuto et al 2013 ). Genotypes E, F and D are known to be the most prevalent genotypes circulating in heterosexual populations worldwide (Lysen et al 2004 ; Taheri Beni et al 2010 ; Millman et al 2004 ; Ngandjio et al 2003 ; Gallo Vaulet et al 2010 ; Yang et al 2010 ).…”

“…Serotypes D/Da, E, F, G, Ga, H, I/Ia, J, K cause urogenital infections, and serovars L1, L2 and L3 are responsible for lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (Manavi 2006 ). The distribution of C. trachomatis genotypes have been identified in several countries of the world (Lysen et al 2004 ; Taheri Beni et al 2010 ; Millman et al 2004 ; Ngandjio et al 2003 ; Gallo Vaulet et al 2010 ; Yang et al 2010 ) and being predominant with the genotype E (26–46 %), D (9–20 %) and F (14–24 %) in urogenital infections. Another study, in which samples were collected from countries in different geographical locations showed that C. trachomatis E (45 %), F (16 %), D (13 %), G (10 %) and K (%5,8) genotypes were reported as the most frequently detected genotypes in heterosexual patients (Herrmann et al 2015 ).…”

Chlamydia trachomatis genovar distribution in clinical urogenital specimens from Tunisian patients: high prevalence of C. trachomatisgenovar E and mixed infections

“…According to the literature, genovar E was reported at high frequencies in symptomatic adults [40] as well as in asymptomatic adults [16,18,19]. C. trachomatis genovar E was also found in our study to be the most prevalent genovar.…”

Frequency and genotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis in patients attending the obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Jalisco, Mexico and correlation with sociodemographic, behavioral, and biological factors

“…In a Costa Rican study including 806 C. trachomatis –positive samples, genotype E was also most frequent (31%), followed by F and D (21% each) [ 22 ]. Genotype E was most frequent in a study including 81 women conducted in Argentina [ 23 ]. Similar frequencies have been reported in other parts of the world, including the Netherlands (E, 41.5%; F, 21.8%; D, 11.9%) [ 24 ], China (E, 37.2%; F, 31.3%) [ 25 ], and Alabama, United States (E, 29%; F and D, 19% each) [ 26 ].…”