District heating and cooling: Review of technology and potential enhancements

Rezaie, Behnaz; Rosen, Marc A.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.020

Cited by 554 publications

(240 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The legacy of district heating in Czechia as was noted above, dh systems physically consist of fossil fuel-powered co-generation plants -or in some cases, heat-only boiler stations -connected to distribution systems involving the transport of hot water or steam via insulated pipes (Rezaie and Rosen 2012). There are also local pumping stations and internal heating networks within buildings.…”

Section: Methods and Paper Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prices depend on the energy source -whether it is heat or steam -and the distance and size of the customer. (personal communication, urban planner, March 24, 2015) neoliberal marketization, deregulation, and decentralization have created a paradox wherein a heating supply system that can potentially be economically efficient, socially inclusive, and environmentally friendly (Rezaie and Rosen 2012) has evolved into a costly economic burden that deepens inequality and exclusion. While sustainability, cohesion, and energy efficiency have now become key goals of public policy, they were downplayed in the initial days of the post-communist transformation.…”

Section: A Complex Lock-in Through Rolling Path Dependenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Locked-in post-socialism: rolling path dependencies in Liberec’s district heating system

Bouzarovski

Sýkora

Matoušek

2016

Eurasian Geography and Economics

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Faculty of science, department of social Geography and regional development, charles university, prague, czech republic ABSTRACT This paper uses the experience of post-socialist district heating reforms to tell a broader story about the continued and shared challenges that central and eastern European cities face as they grapple with the legacies of the recent and more distant past. We argue that the restructuring of this infrastructural domain has been contingent upon geographically embedded trajectories stemming from previous historical periods, while leading to the creation of new socio-technical lock-ins. The paper thus develops the notion of "rolling path-dependencies" in order to explore how post-socialist developments both overcome and supplant previous trajectories of transformation. It focuses on the northern Czech town of Liberec -a place that is known for having some of the highest heating prices in the country -to elucidate how a socially, economically, and environmentally detrimental lock-in has come into existence as a result of illconceived policies of marketization, municipalization, and privatization. Using evidence from official documents and interviews with policy-makers, we demonstrate how the infrastructural legacies of post-socialism both persist and are being reproduced at the urban scale even within "advanced" reforming states like Czechia.

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Section: Methods and Paper Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Complex Lock-in Through Rolling Path Dependenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locked-in post-socialism: rolling path dependencies in Liberec’s district heating system

Bouzarovski

Sýkora

Matoušek

2016

Eurasian Geography and Economics

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“…Currently, this configuration system makes sense only if a renewable fuel is used to take advantage of the related policies of the fuel use for economic, environmental and social point of view. These aspects are not focused on this study but the reader interested can refer to [33] for more information. If a heat recovery is performed on a power plant, the energy efficiency of the plant could reach 92 % [5].…”

Section: District Heating Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergy analysis applied to performance of buildings in Europe

Sartor

Dewallef

2017

Energy and Buildings

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Energy performance of buildings generally assesses the energy consumption of buildings such as heating, domestic heat water, ventilation systems, etc. However, this approach is based on the first law of thermodynamics and considers only the quantity of energy used without considering its 'quality' and leads to a lack of information about the energy conversion processes. This is particularly true in the new low-energy buildings where sometimes high temperatures sources are used to meet low-temperature needs. The exergy analysis of a system, based on first and second thermodynamic laws, can be used to overcome this. In this work, it is proposed to compare the energy and the exergy consumption and the related CO 2 emissions of several kinds of buildings to determine the best systems in terms of energy and exergy needs. The energy demand calculations are performed using the official software available in Belgium and some assumptions are implemented to consider the exergy approach. As exergy calculations require a reference state, some different climatic conditions are also investigated. Finally, some conclusions are discussed to rank the sources of energy and their related exergy losses.

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“…Furthermore, neither a feed-in tariff for district heating and cooling network is available in Croatia. As shown in Rezaie and Rosen [16], district heating in densely populated regions would be a favorable investment compared to low-density residential areas. However, in this case study, a neighborhood consisting of family houses was considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid optimization model of biomass trigeneration system combined with pit thermal energy storage

Dominković

Ćosić

Medić

et al. 2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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a b s t r a c tThis paper provides a solution for managing excess heat production in trigeneration and thus, increases the power plant yearly efficiency. An optimization model for combining biomass trigeneration energy system and pit thermal energy storage has been developed. Furthermore, double piping district heating and cooling network in the residential area without industry consumers was assumed, thus allowing simultaneous flow of the heating and cooling energy. As a consequence, the model is easy to adopt in different regions. Degree-hour method was used for calculation of hourly heating and cooling energy demand. The system covers all the yearly heating and cooling energy needs, while it is assumed that all the electricity can be transferred to the grid due to its renewable origin. The system was modeled in MatlabÓ on hourly basis and hybrid optimization model was used to maximize the net present value (NPV), which was the objective function of the optimization. Economic figures become favorable if the economy-of-scale of both power plant and pit thermal energy storage can be utilized. The results show that the pit thermal energy storage was an excellent option for storing energy and shaving peaks in energy demand. Finally, possible switch from feed-in tariffs to feed-in premiums was assessed and possible subsidy savings have been calculated. The savings are potentially large and can be used for supporting other renewable energy projects.

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District heating and cooling: Review of technology and potential enhancements

Cited by 554 publications

References 54 publications

Locked-in post-socialism: rolling path dependencies in Liberec’s district heating system

Locked-in post-socialism: rolling path dependencies in Liberec’s district heating system

Exergy analysis applied to performance of buildings in Europe

A hybrid optimization model of biomass trigeneration system combined with pit thermal energy storage

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