Diurnal Variations in Qualitative Composition of Breast Milk in Women with Iron Deficiency

Баркова, Э. Н.; Назаренко, Е. В.; Жданова, Е. В.

doi:10.1007/s10517-005-0500-2

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Overall, vitamins A, B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B6 (pyridoxine), B8 (biotin), B12 (cobalamin), vitamin E (tocopherol), and choline do not demonstrate circadian variation [ 27 , 33 , 63 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ], whereas vitamin B11 (folate) shows circadian variation in one study [ 69 ]. However, the evidence is limited and, therefore, results on the presence of circadian variation in human milk vitamins are inconclusive.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Background: Breastfeeding is considered the most optimal mode of feeding for neonates and mothers. Human milk changes over the course of lactation in order to perfectly suit the infant’s nutritional and immunological needs. Its composition also varies throughout the day. Circadian fluctuations in some bioactive components are suggested to transfer chronobiological information from mother to child to assist the development of the biological clock. This review aims to give a complete overview of studies examining human milk components found to exhibit circadian variation in their concentration. Methods: We included studies assessing the concentration of a specific human milk component more than once in 24 h. Study characteristics, including gestational age, lactational stage, sampling strategy, analytical method, and outcome were extracted. Methodological quality was graded using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: A total of 83 reports assessing the circadian variation in the concentration of 71 human milk components were included. Heterogeneity among studies was high. The methodological quality varied widely. Significant circadian variation is found in tryptophan, fats, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, iron, melatonin, cortisol, and cortisone. This may play a role in the child’s growth and development in terms of the biological clock.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…food consumption pattern) or socioeconomic status, factors which might affect micronutrient levels in breast milk. Furthermore, many substances such as vitamins and minerals in breast milk are known to have diurnal variation [ 47 48 49 ], which makes the time of day for milk collection important. In this study, the specific time of day at which breast milk was expressed and collected was not standardized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinol, α-tocopherol, and selected minerals in breast milk of lactating women with full-term infants in South Korea

et al. 2017

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESThis study was performed to measure fat-soluble vitamins and minerals in breast milk of Korean lactating mothers who exclusively breastfed their babies.SUBJECTS/METHODSBreast milk samples were collected from 334 mothers. Concentrations of retinol and α-tocopherol were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet spectrometry while concentrations of minerals were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.RESULTSRetinol and α-tocopherol contents of breast milk were 39.58 ± 19.64 µg/dL and 0.23 ± 0.13 mg/dL, respectively. Average sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in breast milk were 11.11 ± 5.16, 38.56 ± 9.01, 27.87 ± 6.10, 13.56 ± 3.30, and 3.05 ± 0.65 mg/dL, respectively. Contents of trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, and manganese were 40.26 ± 46.21, 98.40 ± 62.47, 24.09 ± 9.03, and 0.90 ± 1.63 µg/dL, respectively. Fat-soluble vitamin concentration was positively correlated with total fat in milk samples, but no significant differences were observed in levels of retinol, α-tocopherol, or minerals based on whether or not lactating women were taking dietary supplements.CONCLUSIONSMicronutrient contents of breast milk samples from Korean lactating women were comparable to those of other nations. Retinol and α-tocopherol levels were correlated and also with total fat in breast milk.

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“…67 Studies have shown diurnal variation in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, nucleotides, cortisol, and melatonin. [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] Other factors affecting breast milk…”

Section: Composition Of Expressed Fresh Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Composition of Expressed Fresh Human Milk

Pham

Patel

Baban

et al. 2020

Breastfeeding Medicine

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Breast milk is considered the ideal and preferred feeding for all infants through the first 4-6 months of life. It provides many short and long-term benefits to the infant and mother. In the absence of breastfeeding, expressed breast milk is the best way to provide nutrition. In the United States, the majority of breastfeeding mothers express milk at some point during the course of lactation. Breast milk is a dynamic fluid and its content changes with duration of lactation and varies between and among women. Many factors such as maternal diet and medications affect the constituents of breast milk. In addition, method of breast milk expression, handling, and storage can also influence its contents.

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Diurnal Variations in Qualitative Composition of Breast Milk in Women with Iron Deficiency

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

Retinol, α-tocopherol, and selected minerals in breast milk of lactating women with full-term infants in South Korea

Factors Affecting the Composition of Expressed Fresh Human Milk

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