Diverse supraglacial drainage patterns on the Devon ice Cap, Arctic Canada

Lu, Yao; Yang, Kang; Lü, Xin; Smith, L. C.; Sole, Andrew; Livingstone, Stephen J.; Fettweis, Xavier; Li, Manchun

doi:10.1080/17445647.2020.1838353

Cited by 10 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…These four regressions show no significant differences (p > 0.1 in the Chow test, "a test of whether the true coefficients in two linear regressions on different data sets are equal", Chow [1960]) and indicate the R-D d relationship is generally stable among the four catchments, although the limited number of regression points for Catchment 4 (n = 3) limits our confidence in that determination. This finding is consistent with previous reports that surface meltwater areas and volumes are positively correlated with modeled runoff (Fitzpatrick et al, 2014;Lu et al, 2020;Sneed & Hamilton, 2007;Sundal et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2017Yang et al, , 2021.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

“…An additional R-Dd linear regression was conducted using Dd and runoff values for each catchment (Figures 3c-3d). These four regressions show no significant differences (p>0.1 in the Chow test, "a test of whether the true coefficients in two linear regressions on different data sets are equal", Chow (1960)) and indicate the R-Dd relationship is generally stable among the four catchments, although the limited number of regression points for with previous reports that surface meltwater areas and volumes are positively correlated with modeled runoff (Sneed and Hamilton, 2007;Sundal et al, 2009;Fitzpatrick et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2017;Lu et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Correlation Of Supraglacial Drainage Density (Dd) With Modeled Runoff (R)mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…All rights reserved. 8 2017; Crozier et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2019b;Lu et al, 2020). Importantly, it can discriminate continuous supraglacial drainage networks that match the general pattern of satellite-mapped supraglacial river/stream networks quite well (Yang et al, 2018;Gleason et al, 2021), although it may overestimate or underestimate streams depending on the choice of the channel initiation threshold Ac (Yang et al, 2019b;Lu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Previous studies have noted some qualitative relationships between channel planforms and modeled runoff, e.g. becoming wider as surface runoff increases (Smith et al, 2015;, migrating to higher elevations (Lampkin and VanderBerg, 2014), or growing in area as modeled runoff increases (Lu et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2021). However, an explicit, quantitative correlation linking remotely sensed supraglacial stream/river abundance with modeled runoff has yet to be demonstrated.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because supraglacial channels are fed by meltwater runoff, their pattern and abundance evolves temporally in response to surface meltwater production (Decaux et al, 2019;Gleason et al, 2021;Lampkin & VanderBerg, 2014;Muthyala et al, 2020;Smith et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2017Yang et al, , 2018. Previous studies have noted some qualitative relationships between channel planforms and modeled runoff, for example, becoming wider as surface runoff increases (Smith et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2017), migrating to higher elevations (Lampkin & VanderBerg, 2014), or growing in area as modeled runoff increases (Lu et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2021). However, an explicit, quantitative correlation linking remotely sensed supraglacial stream/river abundance with modeled runoff has yet to be demonstrated.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Supraglacial Drainage Efficiency of the Greenland Ice Sheet Estimated From Remote Sensing and Climate Models

et al. 2022

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Supraglacial stream/river catchments drain large volumes of surface meltwater off the southwestern Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface. Previous studies note a strong seasonal evolution of their drainage density (Dd), a classic measure of drainage efficiency defined as open channel length per unit catchment area, but a direct correlation between Dd and surface meltwater runoff (R) has not been established. We use 27 high-resolution (~0.5 m) satellite images to map seasonally evolving Dd for four GrIS supraglacial catchments, with elevations ranging from 1100 m to 1700 m. We find a positive linear correlation (r 2 = 0.70, p<0.01) between Dd and simulations of runoff production from two climate models (MAR v3.11 and MERRA-2). Applying this R-Dd empirical relationship to climate model output enables parameterization of spatial and temporal changes in supraglacial drainage efficiency continuously throughout the melt season, although temporal and spatial skewness of Dd observations likely affects the application of this R-Dd relationship on crevasse fields and snow/firn surfaces. Incorporating this information into a simple surface routing model finds that high runoff leads to earlier, larger diurnal peaks of runoff transport on the ice surface, owing to increased Dd. This effect progressively declines from low (~1100 m) to high (~1700 m) elevation, causing a roughly order-of-magnitude reduction in diurnal runoff variability at the highest elevations relative to standard climate model output. Combining intermittent satellite Dd mapping with climate model output thus promises to improve characterization of supraglacial drainage efficiency to the benefit of supraglacial meltwater routing and subglacial hydrology models.

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