Diversidad vegetal a lo largo de un gradiente de perturbación en un ecosistema semi-árido en el Centro de México

Ramírez-Bravo, O. Eric; Hernández-Santín, Lorna

doi:10.21829/abm117.2016.1164

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Es importante destacar que Ephedra spp., Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Meliaceae y Caryophyllaceae se han documentado en el matorral xerófilo y en la selva baja caducifolia (Abundiz-Bonilla et al, 2004;Calónico-Soto, 2011;Germán-Ramírez, 2005;Ramírez-Bravo y Hernández-Santin, 2016;Rojas et al, 2013;Valiente-Banuet et al, 2009). Un caso particular es el de Ephedra ya que E. compacta es la única especie reportada para el valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán (Villanueva-Almanza y Fonseca, 2011; Valiente-Banuet et al, 2009) y en la lluvia polínica de este estudio se encontraron 2 tipos polínicos de Ephedra, uno correspondiente a E. compacta (fig.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Lluvia polínica en la selva baja caducifolia del cerro El Picante, San José Tilapa, Puebla, valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán

et al. 2019

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Resumen En este estudio se analiza por primera vez la lluvia de polen en la selva baja caducifolia del cerro El Picante en San José Tilapa (Puebla), ubicado dentro del biodiverso valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. En 3 transectos de 100 m cada uno, se recolectaron bromelias cada 10 m, obteniéndose un total de 32 muestras, de las cuales se recuperaron los palinomorfos y se procesaron por medio de la técnica de acetólisis. Un total de 11,520 polen-esporas pertenecientes a 156 grupos taxonómicos fueron registrados. Los análisis permitieron reconocer taxones regionales, locales y extra locales identificados como señales polínicas. La señal regional estuvo caracterizada por elementos templados, principalmente del bosque mesófilo. La señal local destacó en riqueza e incluyó Asteraceae, Bursera morelensis, B. aptera, Euphorbiaceae, Ceiba aesculifolia y C. parvifolia de la selva baja caducifolia del cerro El Picante; mientras que la señal extra local estuvo representada por Sapindaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Meliaceae y Ephedra spp., que son elementos tanto de selva baja caducifolia como de matorral xerófilo. La comparación de los conjuntos palinológicos con la estructura de la selva baja caducifolia indicaron que Acaciella sp., Asteraceae, Bursera aptera, B. morelensis, Ceiba aesculifolia, C. parvifolia y Mimosa spp. son indicadores polínicos de este tipo de vegetación.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Lluvia polínica en la selva baja caducifolia del cerro El Picante, San José Tilapa, Puebla, valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán

et al. 2019

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“…Urtica chamaedryoides is considered a troublesome pasture weed in the southern United States [ 52 ]. There are also reports of grazing favoring stinging Euphorbiaceae in pastures [ 80 , 81 ]. Consequently, some of the stinging plants are typical pasture weeds.…”

Section: Stinging Hairsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, Ecology, Chemistry and Toxicology of Plant Stinging Hairs

Ensikat

Wessely

Engeser

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Plant stinging hairs have fascinated humans for time immemorial. True stinging hairs are highly specialized plant structures that are able to inject a physiologically active liquid into the skin and can be differentiated from irritant hairs (causing mechanical damage only). Stinging hairs can be classified into two basic types: Urtica-type stinging hairs with the classical “hypodermic syringe” mechanism expelling only liquid, and Tragia-type stinging hairs expelling a liquid together with a sharp crystal. In total, there are some 650 plant species with stinging hairs across five remotely related plant families (i.e., belonging to different plant orders). The family Urticaceae (order Rosales) includes a total of ca. 150 stinging representatives, amongst them the well-known stinging nettles (genus Urtica). There are also some 200 stinging species in Loasaceae (order Cornales), ca. 250 stinging species in Euphorbiaceae (order Malphigiales), a handful of species in Namaceae (order Boraginales), and one in Caricaceae (order Brassicales). Stinging hairs are commonly found on most aerial parts of the plants, especially the stem and leaves, but sometimes also on flowers and fruits. The ecological role of stinging hairs in plants seems to be essentially defense against mammalian herbivores, while they appear to be essentially inefficient against invertebrate pests. Stinging plants are therefore frequent pasture weeds across different taxa and geographical zones. Stinging hairs are usually combined with additional chemical and/or mechanical defenses in plants and are not a standalone mechanism. The physiological effects of stinging hairs on humans vary widely between stinging plants and range from a slight itch, skin rash (urticaria), and oedema to sharp pain and even serious neurological disorders such as neuropathy. Numerous studies have attempted to elucidate the chemical basis of the physiological effects. Since the middle of the 20th century, neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, histamine, serotonin) have been repeatedly detected in stinging hairs of Urticaceae, but recent analyses of Loasaceae stinging hair fluids revealed high variability in their composition and content of neurotransmitters. These substances can explain some of the physiological effects of stinging hairs, but fail to completely explain neuropathic effects, pointing to some yet unidentified neurotoxin. Inorganic ions (e.g., potassium) are detected in stinging hairs and could have synergistic effects. Very recently, ultrastable miniproteins dubbed “gympietides” have been reported from two species of Dendrocnide, arguably the most violently stinging plant. Gympietides are shown to be highly neurotoxic, providing a convincing explanation for Dendrocnide toxicity. For the roughly 648 remaining stinging plant species, similarly convincing data on toxicity are still lacking.

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“…Despite the great floristic richness of Veracruz, it is primarily threatened by deforestation, as shown in a study carried out by Von et al (2021), in three regions of the state of Veracruz from 2003 to 2013, in the region of the Tuxtlas, with a loss of natural plant coverage of 4.6% (3,516 ha), the old Antigua with 2% (1,634 ha) and Sierra de Otontepec with 1.4% (618 ha). This deforestation also causes fragmentation of habitats, loss of soil fertility, loss of biodiversity, and reduction of environmental services (Ramírez-Bravo and Hernández-Santin, 2016).…”

Section: Flora In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

The melliferous flora of Veracruz, Mexico

Real-Luna

Salinas

Rivera-Hernández³

et al. 2021

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Objective: To contribute to the knowledge of the situation of the melliferous flora in Veracruz for pollinators and to communicate it for the benefit of beekeepers and stingless beekeepers, as well as to develop comprehensive strategies with these activities. Design/Methodology/Approach: The information was obtained through a bibliographic review in reference databases such as Scopus, Web of Science Group, Academic Google, Elsevier and Springer Link, using the following keywords: flora, bees, pollinators, honey, pollen. Results: 63 families were recorded, with 176 genera and 216 species of melliferous flora, finding that the largest number of species are found in the Fabaceae family (20%) and Asteraceae (16.55%). There were also 44 crops with 22 families. Study Limitations/Implications: There were no limitations in conducting this study. Findings/Conclusions: The greatest diversity of melliferous flora species is seen in wild plants, and strategies need to be implemented for their protection and multiplication. For these actions, various actors must be involved at different levels of government, educational and private institutions, civil society, farmers, beekeepers, and stingless beekeeping. Conservation actions include the use of melliferous plants in gardens and their protection in crops, sites surrounding crops and on edges. It is necessary to preserve natural landscapes and restore damaged ones, as well as to lead favorable practices in pollinator-dependent crops.

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Diversidad vegetal a lo largo de un gradiente de perturbación en un ecosistema semi-árido en el Centro de México

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Lluvia polínica en la selva baja caducifolia del cerro El Picante, San José Tilapa, Puebla, valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán

Lluvia polínica en la selva baja caducifolia del cerro El Picante, San José Tilapa, Puebla, valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán

Distribution, Ecology, Chemistry and Toxicology of Plant Stinging Hairs

The melliferous flora of Veracruz, Mexico

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