Diversity and morphological evolution of Jurassic belemnites from South Germany

Based on well-preserved belemnites, the ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing between succeeding chambers were analysed. In the examined species (Passaloteuthis laevigata, Parapassaloteuthis zieteni and Pseudohasitites longiformis) that come from Buttenheim, Germany, and Lixhausen, France, the ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing follow exponentially increasing trends with no decreasing phase of septal crowding during the earliest ontogenetic stage. The absence of a decreasing trend at the earliest ontogenetic stage is a unique character in contrast with those in modern cuttlefish and ancient and modern nautiloids, in which the decreasing trends are related to hatching events. These ontogenetic septal spacing trends suggest that the belemnite hatchlings had only a protoconch with no chamber. These belemnite hatchlings with no chamber and therefore small embryonic shell diameter are similar to those of ammonoids. Significant difference in a statistical test that compared the protoconch size between the two localities, might suggest that there was limited transportation at the embryonic stage, although it could also just indicate differences in regional environmental conditions, age and/or degree of time averaging which might differ between the examined taxa.

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“…; Dera et al . ). Among these hard part components, the rostrum is generally the most abundantly preserved as fossils.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing in Early Jurassic belemnites from Germany and France, and their palaeobiological implications

et al. 2017

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“…The latter two are the most typical attributes of the family, however, no one single character from the diagnosis can be considered as synapomorphy strictly defining the family and clearly separating it from more ancient family Passaloteuthididae Naef, 1922, and thus polyphyletic nature of Megateuthididae is not excluded. The alternative "narrow" concept offered by Schlegelmilch (1998) and followed by few recent authors (Dera et al 2016), restricts the family only to its type genus plus Mesoteuthis Lissajous, 1915. However, phylogenetic interrelations between most Toarcian-Middle Jurassic genera are predominantly problematic rather than well-established (Schlegelmilch 1998, text-fig.…”

Section: Methods Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subpolar Urals (Zakharov et al 2005) and Northern Siberia (Zakharov et al 2014). The hypothesis of strong Tethyan influence on Russian platform during the Kimmeridgian is supported by the similar drastic fall of belemnite diversity recorded in Europe and known as "Kimmeridgian crisis" and also correlated with warming event (Dera et al 2016).…”

Section: Biogeographical Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Palaeogeographical basis is by Palaeomap maker software at GPlates Portal (portal.gplates.org) for the age 167 Ma (mid-Bathonian) with epicontinental seas drawn after Scotese (2016) data. Palaeobiogeographical subdivision is based on terminology and nomenclature employed by Challinor et al (1992), with addition of "Euro-Boreal" province, first introduced by Dommergues (1987) for the European Lower Jurassic ammonite assemblages and widely employed in Recent belemnite papers (Dera et al 2016, Weis et al 2017) as a synonym of Boreal-Atlantic belemnite province of Challinor et al (1992). Despite both biochoremas occupy similar territories, it looks reasonable to split them chronologically, restricting the Boreal-Atlantic province only to Callovian and above, and Euro-Boreal province -to Lower and early Middle Jurassic.…”

Section: Chuvashiteuthis Aenigmatica Ippolitov Et Berezin Sp Novmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The first record of Late Jurassic megateuthidid belemnites - Chuvashiteuthis aenigmatica gen. et sp. nov. from the upper Kimmeridgian of Central Russia

Ипполитов¹,

Berezin²,

Rogov³

et al. 2017

Bull. Geosci.

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“…At the same time, it has to be noted that the majority of data from Europe is based on belemnites, which are known to commonly record lower temperatures than co-occurring brachiopods and bivalves (e.g., Dera et al 2011;Alberti et al 2012aAlberti et al , 2019. The cause of this difference might include different life habits between the faunal groups, but is still strongly debated in literature (Fürsich et al 2005;Mutterlose et al 2010;Alberti et al 2012aAlberti et al , 2012bPrice et al 2015;Dera et al 2016;Hoffmann et al 2016).…”

Section: Comparisons With Previously Published Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

First steps in reconstructing Early Jurassic sea water temperatures in the Andean Basin of northern Chile based on stable isotope analyses of oyster and brachiopod shells

2019

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The stable isotope (δ 13 C, δ 18 O) composition of a collection of Lower Jurassic brachiopods and oysters from the Andean Basin of northern Chile was analyzed. The results allow the first reconstruction of absolute water temperatures for several ammonite zones in the Lower Jurassic of South America. The temperature record starts with comparatively high values in the Late Sinemurian (average: 27.0°C; Raricostatum Zone). Just before the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian transition, temperatures dropped to an average of 24.3°C. The lowest temperature value in the dataset was recorded for a brachiopod shell of the latest Pliensbachian Spinatum Zone (19.6°C). No data are available for the Early Toarcian, but results for the late Toarcian show again comparatively warm conditions (average: 24.4°C; Thouarsense-Levesquei zones). Even though more material and analyses are necessary to corroborate the recorded temperatures, the present dataset seems to indicate the global nature of the Late Pliensbachian Cooling Event. In contrast, the global warming during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event has not been recorded due to a lack of Early Toarcian material. The δ 13 C record of brachiopods and oysters documents a gradual increase in values representing background conditions. Oyster shells were used for high-resolution stable isotope analyses and show seasonal temperature fluctuations over a period of around 3 years in the life time of the bivalves. If explained only by temperatures, the δ 18 O values point to a minimum estimate for the seasonality in the late Toarcian of slightly more than 3°C.

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Diversity and morphological evolution of Jurassic belemnites from South Germany

Cited by 39 publications

References 144 publications

Ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing in Early Jurassic belemnites from Germany and France, and their palaeobiological implications

Ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing in Early Jurassic belemnites from Germany and France, and their palaeobiological implications

The first record of Late Jurassic megateuthidid belemnites - Chuvashiteuthis aenigmatica gen. et sp. nov. from the upper Kimmeridgian of Central Russia

First steps in reconstructing Early Jurassic sea water temperatures in the Andean Basin of northern Chile based on stable isotope analyses of oyster and brachiopod shells

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