Diversity of Ancient Conifers: The Jurassic Seed ConeBancroftiastrobus digitatagen. et sp. nov. (Coniferales)

Abstract

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New insights into Mesozoic cycad evolution: an exploration of anatomically preserved Cycadaceae seeds from the Jurassic Oxford Clay biota

“…The most important of these is the Aalenian Stage–Bajocian Stage Bearreraig Sandstone Fm at Bearreraig Bay on the Isle of Skye ( Bateman & Morton, 1994 ; Bateman, Morton & Dower, 2000 ; Cleal et al, 2001 ; Dower, Bateman & Stevenson, 2004 ; Spencer et al, 2015 ) in which marine carbonate concretions preserve a range of vegetative and fertile organs produced by ferns, cycads and conifers. The same mode of preservation is found in the Kimmeridgian Kimmeridge Clay Fm at Eathie ( Cleal et al, 2001 ), which contains exceptionally well preserved conifer cones ( Seward & Bancroft, 1913 ; Rothwell et al, 2011 , 2012 , 2013 ) and Bennettitales ( Seward, 1913 ). At Runswick Bay on the Yorkshire coast, Aalenian Stage in age, anatomically preserved plants—cycad leaves and cones and also cones of Bennettiales—occur in siderite concretions ( Cleal et al, 2001 ).…”