Diversity of seM in Streptococcus equi subsp. equi isolated from strangles outbreaks

Libardoni, Felipe; Vielmo, Andréia; Farias, Luana D’Avila; Matter, Letícia Beatriz; Pötter, Luciana; Spilki, Fernando Rosado; Vargas, Águeda Castagna de

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.09.010

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…equi from any of the samples. The higher prevalence and diversity of SeM gene was also reported in strangles outbreak in Brazil [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Molecular characterization of virulence genes of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in equines

Javed¹,

Taku²,

Gangil³

et al. 2016

Vet World

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Aim:The aim was to determine the occurrence of streptococci in equines in Jammu (R. S. Pura, Katra), characterization of Streptococci equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus with respect to their virulence traits and to determine antibiotic sensitivity pattern of virulent Streptococcus isolates.Materials and Methods:A total of 96 samples were collected from both clinically affected animals (exhibiting signs of respiratory tract disease) and apparently healthy animals and were sent to laboratory. The organisms were isolated on Columbia nalidixic acid agar containing 5% sheep blood as well as on sheep blood agar and confirmed by cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. Molecular detection of Streptococcus was done directly from cultures using sodA and seM gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiogram was performed against five antibiotics such as amoxicillin, penicillin G, streptomycin, rifampicin, and methicillin.Results:During this study, a total 40 streptococcal isolates were obtained out of which 2 isolates were of S. equi subsp. equi, 12 isolates were from S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. In the PCR-based detection, we revealed amplicons of 235 bp and 679 bp for confirmation of sodA and seM gene, respectively. In antibiogram, two isolates of S. equi subsp. equi were found resistant to penicillin G, and all other isolates were found sensitive to amoxicillin and streptomycin.Conclusion:The majority of streptococcal infections was due to S. equi subsp. Zooepidemicus, and thus was recognized as a potential pathogen of diseases of equines besides S. equi subsp. equi.

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“…equi from any of the samples. The higher prevalence and diversity of SeM gene was also reported in strangles outbreak in Brazil [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Molecular characterization of virulence genes of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in equines

Javed¹,

Taku²,

Gangil³

et al. 2016

Vet World

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“…In Brazil, the large number of animals coupled with the need for increased production leads to increased occurrence of this and other diseases and associated economic losses to the Equine (Silva and Vargas, 2006;Ribas et al, 2009). In the state of Rio Grande do Sul strangles outbreaks occur in various areas (Libardoni et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning, expression and characterization of SeM protein of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and evaluation of its use as antigen in an indirect ELISA

Moraes

Conceição

Rocha

et al. 2014

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Strangles is an economically important horse disease caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. The diagnosis can be confirmed either directly by bacterial isolation and PCR or by ELISA, which is an indirect method based on the detection of serum antibodies. The aim of this study was to clone, express and characterize the SeM protein of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, evaluate its use as antigen in indirect ELISA and determine its performance to distinguish sera of negative, vaccinated and positive animals. This was initially performed by cloning the gene encoding the SeM protein and its expression in Escherichia coli. Subsequently, the protein produced was characterized and used as antigen in ELISA. Serum samples for evaluation were taken from 40 negative foals, 46 horses vaccinated with a commercial vaccine against strangles and 46 horses diagnosed with the disease. The test showed high specificity and sensitivity, allowing discrimination between negative and positive, positive and vaccinated animals, and vaccinated animals and negative sera. Thus, it was concluded that the protein produced rSeM, which can be used as antigen for disease diagnosis, and the described ELISA might be helpful to evaluate the immune status of the herd.

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“…Phylogenetic analysis was performed to compare the 5 0 SeM sequences of SD201807 (GenBank accession number MH973488) with equivalent 5 0 variable regions from previously characterised SeM alleles within the publicly available database [11,12]. The result showed that This is most closely related to the SeM-88 allele (Fig 3) that was identified in a S. equi isolate recovered from a horse in the UK during 2014 (https://pubmlst.org/szooepidemicus/ [last accessed 21st September 2018]).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysis and Genotypementioning

confidence: 99%

An outbreak of strangles associated with a novel genotype of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in donkeys in China during 2018

Dong

Gao²,

Waller

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Background Strangles is a highly contagious respiratory disease of equids caused by the bacterium Streptococcus equi subspecies equi. Objectives To identify the cause of an outbreak of strangles that occurred on donkey farms within the Shandong Province of China and determine the prevalence of the disease. Study design Cross‐sectional. Methods Samples were taken from clinically affected animals to measure the prevalence of strangles within the population of donkeys at six intensive farms in China and identify the SeM type of isolate recovered from affected animals. Diagnosis was confirmed by bacterial isolation, biochemical tests and PCR. Epidemiological data were analysed using Chi‐square test and a Fisher's exact two‐sided test. The SeM gene of S. equi isolates recovered from affected animals was determined and compared with the SeM database PubMLST‐seM. Results In July and August 2018, an outbreak of strangles occurred on six donkey farms within the Shandong Province of China. The overall prevalence of disease within the different donkey herds was 13.4%. Younger animals were worst affected with 40.3% (83/206) of donkey foals aged under 1 year exhibiting clinical signs compared with 12.5% (191/1525) of donkeys aged one to 2 years and 3.8% (17/442) of donkeys over 2 years of age. Analysis of SeM sequencing data identified that the farms were affected by the same strain of S. equi, SD201807, which contains the novel 136 allele of SeM. Main limitations Healthy donkeys were not sampled in this study. Conclusions The number of intensive donkey breeding farms in China has risen recently. The higher numbers of animals that are in closer proximity to one another raise the potential for the transmission of infectious diseases such as strangles. This is the first description of a strangles outbreak among donkey herds in China. The Summary is available in Chinese – see Supporting information.

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Diversity of seM in Streptococcus equi subsp. equi isolated from strangles outbreaks

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Molecular characterization of virulence genes of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in equines

Molecular characterization of virulence genes of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in equines

Cloning, expression and characterization of SeM protein of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and evaluation of its use as antigen in an indirect ELISA

An outbreak of strangles associated with a novel genotype of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in donkeys in China during 2018

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