DMH and NA–based cyanide-free silver electroplating bath: a promising alternative to cyanide ones in microelectronics

Liu, Anmin; Ren, Xuefeng; Wang, Chong; Zhang, Jiale; Du, Chunhui; Han, Ruolin

doi:10.1007/s11581-020-03541-5

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Clauss et al formulated another hydantoin-based non-cyanide silver electroplating bath (Table 11) that can be used to deposit mirror finish silver coatings at high current density ranges and high temperatures [95]. The bath has silver as a complex of hydantoin as the major silver salt in the bath.…”

Section: Different Types Of Silver Electroplating Bathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

Satpathy

Jena

Das

et al. 2023

International Materials Reviews

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Cyanide-based baths are generally used industrially to produce silver and gold coatings via electroplating. Baths containing ([Au(CN) 2 ] − ) and ([Ag(CN) 2 ] − ) are used for the deposition of gold and silver coatings, respectively. However, due to the severe toxicity, the technical personnel involved in work are at risk. Additionally, the disposal of cyanide-containing wastes poses a significant threat to the environment as they pollute various natural resources. The coatings produced from alkaline cyanide-based baths cause embrittlement of electronic circuit patterns. Due to these reasons, many cyanide-free baths have started to replace the existing cyanide-based baths. In the cyanide-free baths, the primary cyanide complexing agent is replaced with eco-friendly alternative compounds like sulphite, thiosulphate, thiourea, DMH, EDTA, and ionic liquids (ILs). This review article provides an overview of the various cyanide-free electroplating baths available for electroplating silver and gold that are either used for commercial practice or are developed for laboratory-scale use.

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Section: Different Types Of Silver Electroplating Bathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

Satpathy

Jena

Das

et al. 2023

International Materials Reviews

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“…However, its extreme toxicity poses a high risk to human health and the environment [ 40 , 41 ]. A variety of complexing agents have been proposed for cyanide-free solutions, such as thiosulfate [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid [ 45 ], 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) [ 40 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], nicotinic acid [ 50 ], uracil [ 51 , 52 ], and ionic liquids [ 53 , 54 ]. Among those agents, DMH is a potential candidate because it can form relatively stable anionic complexes with Ag ions and produce a uniform and bright silver coating [ 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Conducting Surface-Silverized Aromatic Polysulfonamide (PSA) Fibers with Excellent Performance Prepared by Nano-Electroplating

Bai,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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In this work, bilayer nanocoatings were designed and constructed on high-performance aromatic polysulfonamide (PSA) fibers for robust electric conduction and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. More specifically, PSA fibers were first endowed with necessary electric conductivity via electroless nickel (Ni) or nickel alloy (Ni-P-B) plating. Afterward, silver electroplating was carried out to further improve the performance of the composite. The morphology, microstructure, environmental stability, mechanical properties, and EMI shielding performance of the proposed cladded fibers were thoroughly investigated to examine the effects of electrodeposition on both amorphous Ni-P-B and crystalline Ni substrates. The acquired results demonstrated that both PSA@Ni@Ag and PSA@Ni-P-B@Ag composite fibers had high environment stability, good tensile strength, low electric resistance, and outstanding EMI shielding efficiency. This indicates that they can have wide application prospects in aviation, aerospace, telecommunications, and military industries. Furthermore, the PSA@Ni-P-B@Ag fiber configuration seemed more reasonable because it exhibited smoother and denser silver surfaces as well as stronger interfacial binding, leading to lower resistance (185 mΩ cm−1) and better shielding efficiency (82.48 dB in the X-band).

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“…Silver has a wide range of applications, it can improve the appearance of the product quality and stability by forming a layer of silver plating on the surface of the product in the field of electronics [1,2]. Meanwhile, it has good electrical and thermal conductivity to meet the needs of electronic products for electromagnetic shielding and the heat dissipation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pulse electroplating parameters on the morphology and corrosion resistance of Ag plating coating

Zhang,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2024

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

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Pulse electroplating technology has the characteristics of fine grain and good corrosion resistance. In order to ensure the good application of electroplated silver cone cavity in solar radiation detector. The effects of three process parameters, including average current density (0.4-1 A/dm2), pulse on-time (0.2-1.8 ms) and pulse off-time (0.8-4.8 ms), on the deposition rate, appearance and corrosion resistance of silver coating were studied by control variates. The surface morphology and composition of silver coatings were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), laser confocal microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). The corrosion resistance of silver coating in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was studied by polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that pulse electroplating takes advantage of the dynamic change of current to influence the size of deposited particles and the degree of densification of the coating by precisely adjusting the pulse plating parameters, and ultimately obtains the coating with excellent morphology. The optimal parameters are: average current density 0.6 A/dm2, pulse on-time 1.2 ms, pulse off-time 1.8 ms. The silver coating prepared under process conditions has excellent corrosion resistance (7059 Ω/cm2). The surface crystal grain is dense, without obvious defects.

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DMH and NA–based cyanide-free silver electroplating bath: a promising alternative to cyanide ones in microelectronics

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

Highly Conducting Surface-Silverized Aromatic Polysulfonamide (PSA) Fibers with Excellent Performance Prepared by Nano-Electroplating

Effect of pulse electroplating parameters on the morphology and corrosion resistance of Ag plating coating

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