“…The similar interest in using other three major types of macromolecules, namely, protein, lipids, carbonhydrates, as structural component for synthetic materials is also increasing (Ball 2005). For reviews in this regard particularly those on DNA based nanomaterials, readers are referred to the latest and comprehensive reviews by Seeman (Seeman 2007), Lu (Lu & Liu 2006, Lu & Liu 2007 and others (Alemdaroglu et al 2008, Ball 2005, Condon 2006, Mrksich 2005, Niemeyer 2000. The focus of this review is the macroscopic materials designed, synthesized, and applied based on or inspired by DNA and the application of these materials specifically for biology and medicine.…”